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      Regional differences of individual and allocation efficiencies of health resources in China

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          Abstract

          Background

          The existing health resources and services are difficult to meet the needs of rapid economic development and the aging population in China. This paper evaluates the regional differences of individual and allocation efficiencies of health resources in China to explore ways to change the current situation.

          Methods

          The models of single-input single-output efficiency (SISOE), single-input multi-output efficiency (SIMOE), multi-input single-output efficiency (MISOE), and multi-input multi-output efficiency (MIMOE) were developed to calculate the individual and allocation efficiencies of health resources of China in this study.

          Results

          It was found that the efficiencies of the number of health institutions (NHI) in the eastern and western regions of China were relatively close, with values of 0.61 and 0.59, respectively, significantly higher than 0.49 in the middle region. The efficiencies of the number of health personnel (NHP) in the eastern, middle, and western regions were closer, with values of 0.77, 0.75, and 0.79, respectively. The efficiencies of the number of health institution beds (NHIB) in the eastern and western regions were very close, with values of 0.79 and 0.78, respectively, while that in the middle region was 0.72. The efficiencies of the total health expenditure (THE) were 0.72, 0.76, and 0.79 in the east, middle, and western regions, respectively. The efficiencies of the number of diagnosis and treatment persons (NDTP) were 0.81, 0.70, and 0.71 in the eastern, middle, and western regions, respectively, while the efficiencies of the number of inpatients (NI) were 0.75, 0.79, and 0.81, respectively. The efficiencies of the utilization rate of beds (URB) and the average days of hospitalization (ADH) in the three regions were below 0.51. The health resources allocation efficiencies (HRAEs) were 0.86, 0.83, and 0.87 in the eastern, middle, and western regions, respectively.

          Conclusion

          There were obvious regional differences in HRAE in China with the situation of “Middle Collapse.” The main direct reason for the low HRAE in the middle region was the lower efficiencies of NHI, NHIB, URB, and ADH. It revealed that there was relatively blind expansion of health institutions and beds with lower health service quality in the middle region. Governments should make strategic adjustments to public health resources and increase the investment in medical technology and manpower in the middle region. Hospitals in the eastern region should strengthen inter-regional medical and health technical cooperation with partners in the middle region by establishing a tele-medical network. The models of SISOE, SIMOE, MISOE, and MIMOE put forward in this study are simple, reasonable, and useful for resource efficiency analysis, which makes it convenient to adopt targeted measures to upgrade the efficiency of resource allocation. This study provides a new perspective and method to understand the mechanism of regional differences in China’s health resource allocation efficiency.

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          Most cited references37

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          A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis

          Kaoru Tone (2001)
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            Technical efficiency in the use of health care resources: a comparison of OECD countries.

            Paul Retzlaff, M Rubin, F. Chang (2004)
            Our paper analyzes technical efficiency in the production of aggregate health outcomes of reduced infant mortality and increased life expectancy, using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) health data. Application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) reveals that some countries achieve relative efficiency advantages, including those with good health outcomes (Japan, Sweden, Norway, and Canada) and those with modest health outcomes (Mexico and Turkey). We conclude the USA may learn from countries more economical in their allocation of healthcare resources that more is not necessarily better. Specifically, we find that the USA can substantially reduce inputs while maintaining the current level of life expectancy.
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              Evaluation of regional environmental efficiencies in China based on super-efficiency-DEA

              Li Hong Yang, Han Ouyang, Kuangnan Fang … (2015)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Qinpu Liu: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2528171/overviewRole: Role: Role:
                Yuling Guo: Role: Role:
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Public Health
                Title: Frontiers in Public Health
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 2296-2565
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 December 2023
                Publication date Collection: 2023
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1306148
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Science and Technology Innovation Team of Health Tourism, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
                [2] 2Public Health Center, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Liudan Jiao, Chongqing Jiaotong University, China

                Reviewed by: Martin Dlouhy, University of Economics, Prague, Czechia; Evelyn Agba Tackie, Jiangsu University, China

                *Correspondence: Qinpu Liu, liuqinpu@ 123456163.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1306148
                PMC ID: 10764467
                PubMed ID: 38179567
                SO-VID: 2967c488-f70f-49a9-87a5-da8fd1156e86
                Copyright © Copyright © 2023 Liu and Guo.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 03 October 2023
                Date accepted : 04 December 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 0, Equations: 9, References: 39, Pages: 11, Words: 8119
                Funding
                The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the Program of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Discipline of Nanjing City, China (2021–2025).
                Categories
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Original Research
                Custom metadata
                section-at-acceptance Public Health Policy

                Keywords: public health service,multi-input multi-output,resources individual and allocation efficiency,relative productivity proportion weight,china
                Data availability:
                Keywords: public health service, multi-input multi-output, resources individual and allocation efficiency, relative productivity proportion weight, china

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