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      Simulador para la resección de un lipoma superficial Translated title: Simulator for resection of superficial lipoma

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La educación quirúrgica actual exige estrategias educativas modernas que fomenten en el alumno el deseo de buscar información, procesarla y hacer uso de ella en el momento que se requiera, integrando aspectos teóricos y prácticos, que les sean útiles para su vida profesional. Objetivo: Diseñar un modelo de resección de lipoma superficial que permita al alumno desarrollar sus habilidades quirúrgicas en un simulador con características únicas, ya que ofrece una gran similitud con la realidad, ejemplo de ello es el sangrado activo. Los materiales para la preparación son de bajo costo y accesibles, lo cual permite su reproducción las veces que sean necesarias para adquirir la habilidad quirúrgica básica. Conclusiones: Consideramos que el simulador cuenta con características especiales que lo hacen una opción educativa práctica, de bajo costo y de fácil reproducción.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: The current surgical education requires modern educational strategies that encourage the students’ desire to seek information, process and make use of it at the time required integrating theory and practice that are useful for your life profession. Objective: was to design a lipoma resection model that allows students to develop their surgical skills in a simulator with unique characteristics as it offers a great similarity with reality example is active bleeding. The preparation materials are inexpensive and accessible allowing playback as often as necessary to acquire basic surgical skills. Conclusions: We believe that the simulator has special features that make it a practical educational choice, inexpensive and easy to reproduce.

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          The virtual haptic back: A simulation for training in palpatory diagnosis

          Background Models and simulations are finding increased roles in medical education. The Virtual Haptic Back (VHB) is a virtual reality simulation of the mechanical properties of the human back designed as an aid to teaching clinical palpatory diagnosis. Methods Eighty-nine first year medical students of the Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine carried out six, 15-minute practice sessions with the VHB, plus tests before and after the sessions in order to monitor progress in identifying regions of simulated abnormal tissue compliance. Students palpated with two digits, fingers or thumbs, by placing them in gimbaled thimbles at the ends of PHANToM 3.0® haptic interface arms. The interface simulated the contours and compliance of the back surface by the action of electric motors. The motors limited the compression of the virtual tissues induced by the palpating fingers, by generating counterforces. Users could see the position of their fingers with respect to the back on a video monitor just behind the plane of the haptic back. The abnormal region varied randomly among 12 locations between trials. During the practice sessions student users received immediate feedback following each trial, indicating either a correct choice or the actual location of the abnormality if an incorrect choice had been made. This allowed the user to feel the actual abnormality before going on to the next trial. Changes in accuracy, speed and Weber fraction across practice sessions were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results Students improved in accuracy and speed of diagnosis with practice. The smallest difference in simulated tissue compliance users were able to detect improved from 28% (SD = 9.5%) to 14% (SD = 4.4%) during the practice sessions while average detection time decreased from 39 (SD = 19.8) to 17 (SD = 11.7) seconds. When asked in anonymous evaluation questionnaires if they judged the VHB practice to be helpful to them in the clinical palpation and manual medicine laboratory, 41% said yes, 51% said maybe, and 8% said no. Conclusion The VHB has potential value as a teaching aid for students in the initial phases of learning palpatory diagnosis.
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            Lipomas of corpus callosum

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              Lipoma y Lipomatosis

              Los lipomas son tumores benignos compuestos por células grasas. Ellos son los tumores mesenquimales más comunes. Se encuentran en el tejido subcutáneo y menos frecuente en órganos internos. Usualmente presentan poca dificultad de diagnóstico y morbilidad. Los lipomas típicamente se desarrollan como masas elásticas discretas en el tejido subcutáneo y tejidos blandos profundos en el adulto. Muchos signos cutáneos y algunos síndromes son anatómicamente muy complejos y pueden estar asociados con un lipoma subyacente. Recientemente un número de nuevas entidades y variantes han sido descriptas. Su reconocimiento es importante para evitar el diagnósitco fallido y terapias inapropiadas. Lipoma condroide, miolipoma y lipoma pleomórfico de células ahusadas puramente cutáneo, son neoplasias biológicamente benignas que pueden simular sarcomas morfológicamente. El advenimiento de las investigaciones moleculares y citogenéticas de las neoplasias lipomatosas tienden a contribuir más al entendimiento de la biología de aquéllas y guiar a la modificación de los esquemas de clasificación convencional.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                facmed
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina (México)
                Rev. Fac. Med. (Méx.)
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0026-1742
                2448-4865
                August 2014
                : 57
                : 4
                : 14-19
                Affiliations
                [3] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Mexico
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Mexico
                [4] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Mexico
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Mexico
                Article
                S0026-17422014000400014
                2949eca2-4f2d-45c3-908d-77032aebf3c6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 6
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                SciELO Mexico


                model,Lipoma,resección,modelo,simulador,resection,simulator
                model, Lipoma, resección, modelo, simulador, resection, simulator

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