Darcy-Forchheimer flow of Maxwell nanofluid flow with nonlinear thermal radiation and activation energy

Research in convective heat transfer using suspensions of nanometer-sized solid particles in base liquids started only over the past decade. Recent investigations on nanofluids, as such suspensions are often called, indicate that the suspended nanoparticles markedly change the transport properties and heat transfer characteristics of the suspension. This first part of the review summarizes recent research on theoretical and numerical investigations of various thermal properties and applications of nanofluids.