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      Projeto Bambuí: a experiência do cuidado domiciliário por esposas de idosos dependentes Translated title: The Bambuí Health and Aging Study (BHAS): the experience with home care provided by wives of dependent elderly

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          Abstract

          O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar as características do processo de cuidar e a experiência de mulheres que cuidam de seus maridos idosos em Bambuí, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Entre os participantes do Projeto Bambuí, selecionaram-se dez idosos que necessitavam de cuidador e disseram ser cuidados por suas esposas. As dez esposas foram entrevistadas, utilizando-se de um roteiro de questões, com os grandes eixos temáticos sugeridos pela literatura. A análise dos dados inspirou-se na corrente interpretativa da antropologia e nos remete a uma cultura que define o papel, as responsabilidades e as obrigações da mulher, determina as regras que regem as relações conjugais, dita normas e modelos de comportamento e estabelece que cuidar de um idoso dependente é uma obrigação "natural" da mulher. Apesar de todas as evidências, as mulheres têm dificuldade em dissociar o cuidado de seu papel de esposas e em admitir o fardo. Cuidador e necessitados de cuidados vivem a dura realidade da incapacidade funcional, de modo integral, intuitivo e improvisado. Essa reflexão reforça a responsabilidade pela sistematização do cuidado domiciliário no nosso meio.

          Translated abstract

          This paper investigates the characteristics of caregiving and the experience of women that care for their elderly husbands in Bambuí, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Among the elderly population in this community, the authors interviewed ten wives, using a survey exploring the main themes on the subject of caregiving. The data were interpreted based on an anthropological model of analysis. This model places the interaction between the individual and the context in the center of the interpretative process, underlying the construction and expression of diverse forms of human experience. The results of the survey highlighted the role, responsibilities, and obligations of women in Brazilian society with respect to caregiving for dependent elders. Women are seen as "natural" caregivers, whereby it is their given obligation to take care of their husbands, providing all kinds of support. Both the individual in need of care and the caregiver live the reality of functional disability in a society lacking the proper mechanisms to provide for the elderly population. The current study clearly shows the need to systematize home caregiving in Brazilian society.

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          Most cited references47

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          Relatives of the Impaired Elderly: Correlates of Feelings of Burden

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            Caregiving and the Stress Process: An Overview of Concepts and Their Measures

            This paper views caregiver stress as a consequence of a process comprising a number of interrelated conditions, including the socioeconomic characteristics and resources of caregivers and the primary and secondary stressors to which they are exposed. Primary stressors are hardships and problems anchored directly in caregiving. Secondary stressors fall into two categories: the strains experienced in roles and activities outside of caregiving, and intrapsychic strains, involving the diminishment of self-concepts. Coping and social support can potentially intervene at multiple points along the stress process.
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              The Zarit Burden Interview: a new short version and screening version.

              The purpose of the study was to develop a short and a screening version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) that would be suitable across diagnostic groups of cognitively impaired older adults, and that could be used for cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies. We used data from 413 caregivers of cognitively impaired older adults referred to a memory clinic. We collected information on caregiver burden with the 22-item ZBI, and information about dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs) and the frequency of problem behaviors among care recipients. We used factor analysis and item-total correlations to reduce the number of items while taking into consideration diagnosis and change scores. We produced a 12-item version (short) and a 4-item version (screening) of the ZBI. Correlations between the short and the full version ranged from 0.92 to 0.97, and from 0.83 to 0.93 for the screening version. Correlations between the three versions and ADL and problem behaviors were similar. We further investigated the behavior of the short version with a two-way analysis of variance and found that it produced identical results to the full version. The short and screening versions of the ZBI produced results comparable to those of the full version. Reducing the number of items did not affect the properties of the ZBI, and it may lead to easier administration of the instrument.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                October 2005
                : 21
                : 5
                : 1509-1518
                Affiliations
                [01] Belo Horizonte orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brasil
                [02] Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brasil
                [03] orgnameFundação Oswaldo Cruz orgdiv1Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou orgdiv2Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento
                Article
                S0102-311X2005000500024 S0102-311X(05)02100524
                27f27d56-764d-48fc-93dd-1491a1794486

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 March 2005
                : 01 April 2005
                : 28 July 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 49, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Artigos

                Aged,Caregivers,Anthropology,Cuidadores,Idoso,Antropologia
                Aged, Caregivers, Anthropology, Cuidadores, Idoso, Antropologia

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