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      Nutritional value of sorghum silage of different purposes Translated title: Valor nutritivo da silagem de sorgo de diferentes propósitos

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Sorghum is a crop that stands out as an alternative to corn due to lower soil fertility demand and increased tolerance to drought. Lack of information about the qualitative behaviour of sorghum hinders the recommendation of different purpose sorghum cultivars. The goal was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of different purpose sorghum cultivar silages, at two cropping seasons. The trial was conducted at the Plant Production Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste campus, and chemical analyses and in vitro incubation were performed at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá campus. The experimental design was a randomized block with a split-plot arrangement and four replications. Plot treatments consisted of six different purpose sorghum cultivars (BRS 308 and BRS 310, grain sorghum; BR 655 and BRS 610, forage sorghum; and BRS 506 and CMSXS 647, sweet sorghum). Split-plot treatments consisted of two cropping periods (first crop and second crop). Forage sorghum cultivar BRS 655 demonstrated higher non-fiber carbohydrate content and lower potentially digestible fibre content than the other cultivars did. Sweet sorghum cultivars had higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates and non-protein nitrogen based on protein, lower indigestible neutral detergent fibre content at second crop, and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility than the other cultivars. The silages of sweet sorghum cultivars BRS 506 and CMSXS 647, and forage sorghum cultivar BRS 655 presented higher nutritional values.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO O sorgo é uma cultura que se destaca como alternativa ao milho devido a menor exigência em fertilidade do solo e maior tolerância ao déficit hídrico. A falta de informações quanto ao comportamento qualitativo dificulta a recomendação de cultivares de sorgo de diferentes propósitos. Objetivou-se avaliar a composição bromatológica e a digestibilidade in vitro da silagem de cultivares de sorgo de diferentes propósitos, em duas épocas de cultivo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema de parcela subdividida, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos da parcela corresponderam a seis híbridos de sorgo de diferentes propósitos (BRS 308 e BRS 310, graníferos; BR 655 e BRS 610, forrageiros; BR 506 e CMSXS 647, sacarinos). Os tratamentos da subparcela corresponderam a duas épocas de cultivo (primeira safra e segunda safra). A cultivar de sorgo forrageiro BRS 655 apresentou maior teor de carboidratos não fibrosos e menor teor de fibra potencialmente digestível. As cultivares de sorgo sacarino obtiveram os maiores teores de carboidratos solúveis, os menores teores de fibra insolúvel em detergente neutro indigestível na segunda safra, e as maiores digestibilidades in vitro da matéria seca. As silagens de sorgo sacarino e de sorgo forrageiro BRS 655 apresentam maior valor nutritivo.

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          Most cited references39

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          Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant

          This monumental text-reference places in clear persepctive the importance of nutritional assessments to the ecology and biology of ruminants and other nonruminant herbivorous mammals. Now extensively revised and significantly expanded, it reflects the changes and growth in ruminant nutrition and related ecology since 1982. Among the subjects Peter J. Van Soest covers are nutritional constraints, mineral nutrition, rumen fermentation, microbial ecology, utilization of fibrous carbohydrates, application of ruminant precepts to fermentive digestion in nonruminants, as well as taxonomy, evolution, nonruminant competitors, gastrointestinal anatomies, feeding behavior, and problems fo animal size. He also discusses methods of evaluation, nutritive value, physical struture and chemical composition of feeds, forages, and broses, the effects of lignification, and ecology of plant self-protection, in addition to metabolism of energy, protein, lipids, control of feed intake, mathematical models of animal function, digestive flow, and net energy. Van Soest has introduced a number of changes in this edition, including new illustrations and tables. He places nutritional studies in historical context to show not only the effectiveness of nutritional approaches but also why nutrition is of fundamental importance to issues of world conservation. He has extended precepts of ruminant nutritional ecology to such distant adaptations as the giant panda and streamlined conceptual issues in a clearer logical progression, with emphasis on mechanistic causal interrelationships. Peter J. Van Soest is Professor of Animal Nutrition in the Department of Animal Science and the Division of Nutritional Sciences at the New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University.
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            Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds

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              Kinetics of fiber digestion from in vitro gas production.

              In vitro gas production, measured by computer-interfaced pressure sensors, was used to follow the digestion of a crystalline processed cellulose, a bacterial cellulose, and mixtures of these substrates by mixed ruminal bacteria. A first-order, substrate limited model (simple exponential with lag) and two bacterial growth models (logistic, Gompertz) were tested to fit these data. No single pool model gave an optimal fit to all substrates, but dual pool versions of both the logistic and Gompertz models fitted the data extremely well. Derivations of these models in the context of gas production are presented. The dual pool version of the exponential model commonly used to analyze fiber digestion was not able to reproduce the slope variations seen with mixed substrates. A modified dual pool logistic equation, with a single lag value, was selected to model the in vitro digestion of these substrates. The model was able to predict adequately both the input composition and the kinetic parameters for a defined mixture and gave a good fit (r2 > .995) to data from all the single and mixed substrates tested. This model may be useful for interpreting gas accumulation from natural feedstuffs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cagro
                Ciência e Agrotecnologia
                Ciênc. agrotec.
                Editora da Universidade Federal de Lavras (Lavras, MG, Brazil )
                1413-7054
                1981-1829
                June 2017
                : 41
                : 3
                : 288-299
                Affiliations
                [1] Sinop orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Brazil
                [2] Colorado do Oeste Rondônia orgnameInstituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia orgdiv1Departamento de Pesquisa, Inovação e Pós-Graduação Brazil
                [3] Cuiabá Mato Grosso orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Faculdade de Agronomia e Zootecnia Brazil
                [4] Cuiabá Mato Grosso orgnameUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Brazil
                Article
                S1413-70542017000300288 S1413-7054(17)04100300288
                10.1590/1413-70542017413038516
                27e9bd95-d746-47e1-ac7d-286c5b68d7b7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 October 2016
                : 02 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Agricultural Sciences

                ensilagem,composição bromatológica,produção de gás in vitro.,chemical composition,ensiling,in vitro gas production.,Fracionamento de carboidratos e proteína,Carbohydrate and protein fractions

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