Foliar spraying tea infusion decreases selenium uptake of <i>Cyphomandra betacea</i> in selenium‐contaminated soil

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Abstract

Selenium (Se) is one of the essential trace elements for human, but the Se deficiency of most areas resulting in low a Se content in fruits. To increase the Se uptake in fruit trees, the effects of foliar spraying four types of tea (black, green, white, and dark) infusions on the growth and Se uptake of Cyphomandra betacea were studied using a pot experiment. The white and dark tea infusions increased the biomass, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity of C. betacea, while the black and green tea infusions had no significant effects. The green, white, and dark tea infusions increased the contents of photosynthetic pigments in C. betacea, the while the black tea infusions had no significant effects. The black, white, and dark tea infusions increased the peroxidase activity of C. betacea, while the green tea infusion decreased. All tea infusions increased the potassium (K) content in aboveground part of C. betacea and phosphorus (P) content in leaves to some extent. The different tea infusions decreased the Se contents in roots and shoots of C. betacea. Compared to the control, the black, green, white, and dark tea infusions decreased the Se contents in shoots by 16.67%, 27.30%, 33.33%, and 40.07%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of P and K were negatively correlated with the Se content. Therefore, foliar spraying tea infusion can decrease the Se uptake in C. betacea, and the white and dark tea infusions can promote C. betacea growth.

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Selenium and human health.

Margaret Rayman (2012)

Selenium is incorporated into selenoproteins that have a wide range of pleiotropic effects, ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to the production of active thyroid hormone. In the past 10 years, the discovery of disease-associated polymorphisms in selenoprotein genes has drawn attention to the relevance of selenoproteins to health. Low selenium status has been associated with increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, and cognitive decline. Higher selenium status or selenium supplementation has antiviral effects, is essential for successful male and female reproduction, and reduces the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease. Prospective studies have generally shown some benefit of higher selenium status on the risk of prostate, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers, but findings from trials have been mixed, which probably emphasises the fact that supplementation will confer benefit only if intake of a nutrient is inadequate. Supplementation of people who already have adequate intake with additional selenium might increase their risk of type-2 diabetes. The crucial factor that needs to be emphasised with regard to the health effects of selenium is the inextricable U-shaped link with status; whereas additional selenium intake may benefit people with low status, those with adequate-to-high status might be affected adversely and should not take selenium supplements. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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An Overview of Selenium Uptake, Metabolism, and Toxicity in Plants

Meetu Gupta, Shikha Gupta (2017)

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals, but lead to toxicity when taken in excessive amounts. Plants are the main source of dietary Se, but essentiality of Se for plants is still controversial. However, Se at low doses protects the plants from variety of abiotic stresses such as cold, drought, desiccation, and metal stress. In animals, Se acts as an antioxidant and helps in reproduction, immune responses, thyroid hormone metabolism. Selenium is chemically similar to sulfur, hence taken up inside the plants via sulfur transporters present inside root plasma membrane, metabolized via sulfur assimilatory pathway, and volatilized into atmosphere. Selenium induced oxidative stress, distorted protein structure and function, are the main causes of Se toxicity in plants at high doses. Plants can play vital role in overcoming Se deficiency and Se toxicity in different regions of the world, hence, detailed mechanism of Se metabolism inside the plants is necessary for designing effective Se phytoremediation and biofortification strategies.

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The Role of Catechins in Cellular Responses to Oxidative Stress

Jurga Bernatonienė, Dalia Marija Kopustinskiene (2018)

Catechins are polyphenolic compounds—flavanols of the flavonoid family found in a variety of plants. Green tea, wine and cocoa-based products are the main dietary sources of these flavanols. Catechins have potent antioxidant properties, although in some cases they may act in the cell as pro-oxidants. Catechins are reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and metal ion chelators, whereas their indirect antioxidant activities comprise induction of antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of pro-oxidant enzymes, and production of the phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative stress and ROS are implicated in aging and related dysfunctions, such as neurodegenerative disease, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Due to their antioxidant properties, catechins may be beneficial in preventing and protecting against diseases caused by oxidative stress. This article reviews the biochemical properties of catechins, their antioxidant activity, and the mechanisms of action involved in the prevention of oxidative stress-caused diseases.