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      Access of the black population to health services: integrative review Translated title: Acceso de la población negra a servicios de salud: una revisión integrativa Translated title: Acesso da população negra a serviços de saúde: revisão integrativa

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Objectives: demonstrate and discuss how the black population’s access to health services occurs Methods: integrative literature review with the following question: How does the black population’s access to health services occur? The search was carried out in the Scholar, LILACS and SciELO databases and used the descriptor “access to health services” and the term “population,” resulting in a sample with twelve articles. Results: studies show that the difficulty of access is a fundamental factor for the quality of life of people, directly compromising preventive services, especially for women’s health and, in addition, it has significant impact on the illness process of the black population within its particularities. Final Considerations: several limiting factors compromise the black population’s access to health services, including institutional and structural factors

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivos: exponer y discutir cómo ocurre el acceso de la población negra a los servicios de salud. Métodos: revisión integrativa de la literatura a partir de la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cómo ocurre el acceso de la población negra a los servicios de salud? Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Scholar, LILACS y SciELO, utilizando el descriptor “acceso a los servicios de salud” y el término “población”, lo que resultó en una muestra con 12 artículos. Resultados: los estudios demuestran que la dificultad de acceso es un factor fundamental para la calidad de vida de las personas, lo que afecta directamente los servicios preventivos, principalmente en la salud de la mujer e impacta más aún en el proceso de padecimiento de la población negra dentro de sus particularidades. Consideraciones Finales: diversos factores limitantes afectan el acceso de la población negra a los servicios de salud, desde institucionales hasta estructurales.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Objetivos: evidenciar e discutir como ocorre o acesso da população negra aos serviços de saúde. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura com a seguinte pergunta: Como ocorre o acesso da população negra aos serviços de saúde? A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Scholar, LILACS e SciELO e utilizou o descritor “acesso aos serviços de saúde” e o termo “população”, resultando em uma amostra de doze artigos. Resultados: estudos demonstram que a dificuldade de acesso é um fator fundamental para a qualidade de vida das pessoas, comprometendo diretamente serviços preventivos, principalmente para a saúde da mulher e, ainda, é impactante para o processo de adoecimento da população negra dentro de suas particularidades. Considerações Finais: diversos fatores limitantes comprometem o acesso da população negra aos serviços de saúde, desde institucionais a estruturais.

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          The PICO strategy for the research question construction and evidence search

          Evidence based practice is the use of the best scientific evidence to support the clinical decision making. The identification of the best evidence requires the construction of an appropriate research question and review of the literature. This article describes the use of the PICO strategy for the construction of the research question and bibliographical search.
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            The strangest of all encounters: racial and ethnic discrimination in US health care

            Abstract: In 2003, a Committee of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences summarized hundreds of studies documenting that US racial minorities, especially African Americans, receive poorer quality health care for a wide variety of conditions than their White counterparts. These racial differences in health care persist after controlling for sociodemographic factors and patients’ ability to pay for care. The Committee concluded that physicians’ unconscious negative stereotypes of African Americans, and perhaps other people of color, likely contribute to these health care disparities. This paper selectively reviews studies published after 2003 on the likely contribution of physicians’ unconscious bias to US health care disparities. All studies used the Implicit Association Test which quantifies the relative speed with which individuals associate positive attributes like “intelligent” with Whites compared to Blacks or Latino/as. In addition to assessing physicians’ unconscious attitudes toward patients, some studies focused on the behavioral and affective dimensions of doctor-patient communication, such as physicians’ “verbal dominance” and whether patients felt respected. Studies reviewed found a “pro-white” unconscious bias in physicians’ attitudes toward and interactions with patients, though some evidence suggests that Black and female physicians may be less prone to such bias. Limited social contact between White physicians and racial/ethnic minorities outside of medical settings, plus severe time pressures physicians often face during encounters with patients who have complex health problems could heighten their susceptibility to unconscious bias.
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              Confronting racism in health services

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                reben
                Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
                Rev. Bras. Enferm.
                Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0034-7167
                1984-0446
                2020
                : 73
                : 4
                : e20180834
                Affiliations
                [2] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [3] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameSecretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo Brazil
                [1] Macapá Amapá orgnameUniversidade Federal do Amapá Brazil
                Article
                S0034-71672020000400301 S0034-7167(20)07300400301
                10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0834
                32490989
                2504d207-b85c-4f67-8f51-1a2a34c211c6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 June 2019
                : 30 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Revista de Enfermagem

                Categories
                Review

                Grupo de Ascendencia Continental Africana,Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud,Salud de las Minorías Étnicas,Atención Primaria de Salud,Política de Salud,Grupo com Ancestrais do Continente Africano,Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde,Saúde das Minorias Étnicas,Atenção Primária à Saúde,Política de Saúde,African Continental Ancestry Group,Health Services Accessibility,Health of Ethnic Minorities,Primary Health Care,Health Policy

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