Remote learning and students’ mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: A mixed-method enquiry

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Abstract

The disruption caused by Covid-19 in the educational sector may last longer than originally predicted. To better understand the current situation, this article analyses the mental health status of university students during the pandemic and investigates the learning conditions needed to support students. The sample included 557 undergraduate students who took part in an online survey. Overall, the students reported coping well during lockdown but indicated that lecturers were challenged by distance teaching, which created some stress for the students.

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Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests

Lee Cronbach (1951)

Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334

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Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China

Cuiyan Wang, Riyu Pan, Xiaoyang Wan … (2020)

Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to psychological resilience. Research data are needed to develop evidence-driven strategies to reduce adverse psychological impacts and psychiatric symptoms during the epidemic. The aim of this study was to survey the general public in China to better understand their levels of psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. The data will be used for future reference. Methods: From 31 January to 2 February 2020, we conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques. The online survey collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days, contact history with COVID-19, knowledge and concerns about COVID-19, precautionary measures against COVID-19, and additional information required with respect to COVID-19. Psychological impact was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and mental health status was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: This study included 1210 respondents from 194 cities in China. In total, 53.8% of respondents rated the psychological impact of the outbreak as moderate or severe; 16.5% reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms; 28.8% reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms; and 8.1% reported moderate to severe stress levels. Most respondents spent 20–24 h per day at home (84.7%); were worried about their family members contracting COVID-19 (75.2%); and were satisfied with the amount of health information available (75.1%). Female gender, student status, specific physical symptoms (e.g., myalgia, dizziness, coryza), and poor self-rated health status were significantly associated with a greater psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Specific up-to-date and accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) and particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) were associated with a lower psychological impact of the outbreak and lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p < 0.05). Conclusions: During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate-to-severe, and about one-third reported moderate-to-severe anxiety. Our findings identify factors associated with a lower level of psychological impact and better mental health status that can be used to formulate psychological interventions to improve the mental health of vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic.

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The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China

Wenjun Cao, Ziwei Fang, Guoqiang Hou … (2020)

Highlights • Methods of guiding students to effectively and appropriately regulate their emotions during public health emergencies and avoid losses caused by crisis events have become an urgent problem for colleges and universities. Therefore, we investigated and analyzed the mental health status of college students during the epidemic for the following purposes. (1) To evaluate the mental situation of college students during the epidemic; (2) to provide a theoretical basis for psychological interventions with college students; and (3) to provide a basis for the promulgation of national and governmental policies.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Suzanne Lischer:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5732-8627

suzanne.lischer@hslu.ch

Bio :

Suzanne Lischer

has worked as a lecturer and project manager at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts–Social Work (HSLU) since 2008. She has been the head of the Centre of Competence for Prevention and Health, Lucerne, Switzerland, since 2017. Her main teaching and research interests focus on health-related issues.

Netkey Safi: netkey.safi@hslu.ch

Bio :

Netkey Safi

has worked as senior scientific collaborator at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts–Social Work (HSLU) since 2019.

Cheryl Dickson: dr.cheryldickson@live.com

Bio :

Cheryl Dickson

is a clinical psychologist with experience in clinical work and research. She specialized, post qualification, in the field of child and adolescent mental health, and, subsequently, in the field of gambling disorders.

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Prospects (Paris)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Prospects (Paris)

Title: Prospects

Publisher: Springer Netherlands (Dordrecht )

ISSN (Print): 0033-1538

ISSN (Electronic): 1573-9090

Publication date (Electronic): 5 January 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 5 January 2021

Pages: 1-11

Affiliations

GRID grid.449852.6, ISNI 0000 0001 1456 7938, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts–Social Work, ; Werftestrasse 1, 6002 Lucerne, Switzerland

Author information

Suzanne Lischer http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5732-8627

Article

Publisher ID: 9530

DOI: 10.1007/s11125-020-09530-w

PMC ID: 7784617

PubMed ID: 34584297

SO-VID: 24940163-e358-4629-b4f4-e83dc1f7546c

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date accepted : 12 December 2020

Funding

Funded by: Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts

Open Access :

Open access funding provided by Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts

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Most cited references 18

Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests

Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China

The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China

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