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      Deep-water fisheries in Brazil: history, status and perspectives Translated title: Pesquerías de aguas profundas en Brasil: historia, situación actual y perspectivas

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          Abstract

          The recent development of deep-water fisheries off Brazil is reviewed from biological, eco-nomic, and political perspectives. This process has been centered in the southeastem and southern sectors of the Brazilian coast (19°-34°S) and was motivated by the overfishing of the main coastal resources and a government-induced vessel-chartering program. Shelf break (100-250 m) operations by national hook-and-line and trawl vessels intensified in the 1990s. Around 2000-2001, however, foreign-chartered longliners, gillnetters, potters, and trawlers started to operate in Brazilian waters, leading the occupation of the upper slope (250-500 m), mostly targeting monkfish (Lophyus gastrophysus), the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi), the Brazilian codling (Urophycis mystacea), the wreckfish (Polyprion americanus), the Argentine short-fin squid (Illex argentinus), the red crab (Chaceon notialis), and the royal crab (Chaceon ramosae). Between 2004 and 2007, chartered trawlers established a valuable fishery on deep-water shrimps (family Aristeidae), heavily exploiting the lower slope (500-1000 m). Total catches of deep-water resources varied annually from 5,756 ton in 2000 to a maximum of 19,923 ton in 2002, decreasing to nearly 11,000 ton in 2006. Despite intensive data collection, the availability of timely stock assessments, and a formal participatory process for the discussion of management plans, deep-water stocks are already considered to be overexploited due to limitations of governance. .

          Translated abstract

          El reciente desarrollo de la pesca profunda en Brasil fue revisado desde perspectivas biológicas, econômicas y políticas. Este proceso se ha centrado en los sectores sureste y sur de la costa de Brasil (19°-34°S) y fue motivado por la sobrepesca de los principales recursos costeros en conjunto con una política gubernamental de arriendo de buques pesqueros. Las operaciones de pesca sobre el borde de la plataforma (100-250 m) por buques palangreros y arrastreros se intensificaron en la década del 90. Sin embargo, entre 2000 y 2001 empezaron a operar buques arrendados para la pesca con palangre, red de enmalle, nasas y arrastre en aguas brasileras y lideraron el proceso de ocupación del talud superior (250-500 m) dirigido principalmente a la captura del rape (Lophyus gastrophysus), merluza argentina (Merluccius hubbsi), brotóla de profundidad (Urophycis mystacea), chernia (Polyprion americanus), calamar argentino (Illex argentinus), cangrejo rojo (Chaceon notialis) y cangrejo real (Chaceon ramosae). Entre 2004 y 2007, buques arrendados establecieron una valorada pesquería de langostinos de profundidad (Familia Aristeidae) y explotaron intensamente los fondos del talud inferior (500-1000 m). Las capturas totales de recursos de aguas profundas variaron anualmente de 5.756 ton en 2000 a un máximo de 19.923 ton in 2002, decayendo a cerca de 11.000 ton en 2006. No obstante, que fueron recolectados datos pesqueros en forma intensas, estuviesen disponibles oportunamente evaluaciones de stock y se haya llevado a cabo un proceso formal de discusión participativa de planes de manejo para estas pesquerías, los stocks de aguas profundas han sido considerado en situación de sobrepesca debido a limitaciones de gobernabilidad.

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          Deep-water fisheries at the Atlantic Frontier

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            A bycatch assessment of the gillnet monkfish Lophius gastrophysus fishery off southern Brazil

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              Deep-sea shrimps (Decapoda: Aristeidae): new targets of the deep-water trawling fishery in Brazil

              Following the recent expansion of the Brazilian fishery to slope fishing grounds, a new directed trawl fishery for aristeid shrimps emerged since mid 2002. Aristaeopsis edwardsiana has been the main component of the catches attaining 88.4% of total shrimp production. Aristaeomorpha foliacea and Aristeus antillensis have composed significantly smaller fractions of the landings (9.8 % and 1.8 % respectively). Two main grounds were located in the southeastern region (ca. 19º - 25ºS) and one in the northern border of the Brazilian EEZ (ca. 4º30' - 5ºN). Catches have been extremely concentrated between the 700 and 750 m isobaths. Mean catch rates of A. edwardsiana oscillated between 6.5 and 9.7 kg.h-1. The other species have been caught at considerably lower rates (0.1 - 0.6 kg.h-1 and 0.1 - 1.3 kg.h-1, respectively). A seasonal pattern in A. edwardsiana catches is suggested, with maximum values obtained between July and December. While largely directed to the shrimps, incidental catches of the royal crab (Chaceon ramosae) attained, on average, 22 % of the total landings.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                lajar
                Latin american journal of aquatic research
                Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res.
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Facultad de Recursos Naturales. Escuela de Ciencias del Mar (Valparaíso, , Chile )
                0718-560X
                2009
                : 37
                : 3
                : 513-541
                Affiliations
                [01] Itajaí SC orgnameUniversidade do Vale do Itajaí orgdiv1Centro de Ciencias Tecnológicas da Terra e do Mar Brazil angel.Pérez@ 123456univali.br
                Article
                S0718-560X2009000300018 S0718-560X(09)03700318
                2448932b-60be-4ef1-9223-cbe882d54df0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 July 2009
                : 26 August 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 89, Pages: 29
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Reviews

                Brasil,deep-water fishery,stock assessment,fishery management,southwest Atlantic,Brazil,pesca profunda,evaluación de stock,manejo pesquero,Atlántico sudoccidental

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