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      Acúmulo de massa seca e macronutrientes por plantas de Glycine max e Richardia brasiliensis Translated title: Accumulation of biomass and macronutrients by Glycine max and Richardia brasiliensis

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          Abstract

          Foram realizados dois experimentos, em condições de casa de vegetação, no Departamento de Biologia Aplicada à Agropecuária da FCAV-UNESP de Jaboticabal, objetivando-se determinar o acúmulo de massa seca, assim como a distribuição e o acúmulo de macronutrientes durante os ciclos de vida de plantas de soja cultivar BR16, no período de outubro de 2000 a fevereiro de 2001, e de Richardia brasiliensis (poaia-branca), uma planta daninha de elevada importância para esta cultura no Brasil, especialmente em áreas de plantio direto, no período de outubro de 1998 a fevereiro de 1999. Os estudos foram realizados em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Quatro plantas cresceram em vasos com capacidade de sete litros, preenchidos com areia de rio lavada, peneirada e irrigada diariamente com solução nutritiva. Os tratamentos foram representados pelas épocas de amostragem, realizadas a intervalos de 14 dias, a saber: 22, 36, 50, 64, 78, 92, 106, 120, 134, 148, 162 e 176 dias após a emergência (DAE) das plantas de R. brasiliensis; e 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105 e 119 DAE das plantas de soja cv. BR-16 (precoce). Em ambas as plantas, as folhas tiveram a maior partição de biomassa durante sete semanas. Para este dado, a partição foi maior para as estruturas reprodutivas em soja e nos caules para a poaia-branca. O ponto de máximo acúmulo teórico de massa seca deu-se aos 104 DAE para a soja (36,6 g por planta) e aos 146 DAE para a poaia-branca (16,4 g por planta). Da emergência até aos 50 DAE as folhas apresentaram maior participação no acúmulo de massa seca, nas duas espécies. Após 50 DAE notou-se, em ambas as espécies, uma inversão na representatividade das folhas por caules, para a espécie daninha, e por caules e posteriormente por estruturas reprodutivas, para a cultura. A taxa de absorção diária dos macronutrientes atingiu maiores valores entre 69 e 87 DAE para a soja e entre 106 a 111 DAE para a planta daninha. Levando em conta a média dos valores de pontos de inflexão observados para a cultura da soja, aos 78 DAE uma planta de soja acumula teoricamente 25,9 g de massa seca; 615,5 mg de N; 77,2 mg de P; 538,6 mg de K; 535,0 mg de Ca; 171,5 mg de Mg; e 39,5 mg de S. Para o mesmo período, uma planta de R. brasiliensis acumula teoricamente 3,7 g de massa seca; 50,8 mg de N; 3,2 mg de P; 104,4 mg de K; 127,8 mg de Ca; 18,8 mg de Mg; e 3,7 mg de S.

          Translated abstract

          Two greenhouse trials were carried out under greenhouse conditionsat the Department of Agricultural Biology at FCAV-UNESP in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil to study tbiomass accumulation as well as macronutrient distribution and accumulation during the life cycle of the soybean cultivar BR 16 from October 2000 to February 2001, and Richardia brasiliensis (Brazilian pusley), from October 1998 to February 1999. Brazilian pusley is one of the most important weeds in the mid western soybean growing area, mainly under no tillage system. The studies were conducted in a randomized complete design with four replications. Four plants were grown in seven liter pots filled with sandy substrate irrigated daily with a nutritive solution. The treatments were represented by timing of sampling, performed at 14 day intervals, 22, 36, 50, 64, 78, 92, 106, 120, 134, 148, 162 and 176 days after emergence (DAE) of R. brasiliensis plants; and 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105 and 119 DAE of the soybean plants BR-16 (early maturity) For both plants, the leaves had the highest biomass partition during seven weeks. For these data, partition was higher in reproductive structures in soybean and in the stems for Brazilian pusley. The maximumcritical biomass accumulation was estimated at 104 days for soybean (36.6 g plant-1) and at 146 days for R. brasiliensis (16.4 g planta-1). From emergence up to 50 DAE, the leaves presented higher participation in biomass accumulation, in both species. After 50 DAE, it was observed in both species an inversion in leaf representativity per shoots, for the weed species and per shoots and later per reproductive structures, for thecrop. The maximumdaily macronutrient uptake ratewas achieved between 69 and 87 days in soybean and 106 and 111 DAE in R. brasiliensis. Considering of the inflexion point average observed for the soybean culture, it is possible to estimate that, at 78 DAE, this plant theoretically accumulates 25.9 g of dry weight ; 615.6 mg oN; 77.2 mg P; 538.6 mg K; 535.0 mg Ca; 171.5 mg Mg and 39,5 mg S. In the same period, one razilian pusley plant accumulates 3.7 g dry weight; 50.8 mg N; 3.2 mg P; 104.4 mg K; 127.8 mg Ca; 18.8 mg Mg and 3. 7 mg oS.

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          The water culture method of growing plants without soil

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            Interferências de plantas daninhas em culturas agrícolas

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              [Incidence, evolution and prognosis of posthemorrhagic ventriculomegaly in a population of newborns of less than 33 weeks gestational age].

              Posthemorrhagic ventriculomegaly is one of the most important neurological problems encountered in the premature new-born. The aim of this study was to evaluate its incidence in a tertiary neonatal unit at Lille, France, to study its evolution, the risk of ventriculoperitoneal shunt and the neurodevelopmental outcome.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pd
                Planta Daninha
                Planta daninha
                Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas (Viçosa )
                1806-9681
                March 2004
                : 22
                : 1
                : 53-61
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                Article
                S0100-83582004000100007
                10.1590/S0100-83582004000100007
                23b527c2-3d2f-4c70-a452-8fae65dce2c3

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-8358&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                Soybean,Brazilian pusley,weeds,plant nutrition,ecophysiology,poaia-branca,soja,biomassa,nutrição mineral,análise de crescimento

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