High cooperativity coupling to nuclear spins on a circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture

Abstract

Nuclear spins are candidates to encode qubits or qudits due to their isolation from magnetic noise and potentially long coherence times. However, their weak coupling to external stimuli makes them hard to integrate into circuit quantum electrodynamics architectures, the leading technology for solid-state quantum processors. Here, we study the coupling of ¹⁷³Yb(III) nuclear spin states in an [Yb(trensal)] molecule to superconducting cavities. Experiments have been performed on magnetically dilute single crystals placed on the inductors of lumped-element LC superconducting resonators with characteristic frequencies spanning the range of nuclear and electronic spin transitions. We achieve a high cooperative coupling to all electronic and most nuclear [ ¹⁷³Yb(trensal)] spin transitions, a necessary ingredient for the implementation of qudit protocols with molecular spins using a hybrid architecture.