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      Efeitos do Ácido L-Glutâmico da Dieta em Pintos de Corte Translated title: Effects of Dietary L-Glutamic Acid in Broiler Chicks

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          Abstract

          Com o objetivo de estudar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de ácido L-glutâmico (L-Glu) sobre as concentrações de proteínas colagenosas (PC), proteínas não-colagenosas (PNC), proteínas totais (PT), cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), magnésio (Mg), manganês (Mn), sódio (Na) e potássio (K) nos fêmures e tíbias, um experimento foi conduzido com pintos de um dia, machos, Hubbard, criados em baterias aquecidas com piso de tela elevado, alimentados com dieta básica purificada contendo todos os L-aminoácidos essenciais, vitaminas e minerais em níveis requeridos e suplementada com 5; 7,5; 10; e 12,5% de ácido L-glutâmico (L-Glu), por um período de 14 dias. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos, cinco repetições de cinco aves cada. Os pintos alimentados com 7,5% de L-Glu apresentaram maior ganho de peso, melhor eficiência alimentar e maiores comprimentos de tíbias e fêmures. Foram necessários 12,5% de L-Glu para reduzir a um mínimo (19,92%) a incidência de deformações nas pernas, sem contudo eliminá-las. Não foi observado efeito dos níveis de L-Glu no consumo (P>0,05). Não houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos sobre os teores de PC, PT, Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Na e K nas tíbias e fêmures. Os teores de PNC das tíbias e fêmures foram significativamente maiores nos animais alimentados com 12,5% de L-Glu. Embora algumas diferenças tenham sido observadas na composição mineral dos ossos, os conteúdos se encontravam numa faixa fisiológica normal.

          Translated abstract

          In order to study the effects of L- glutamic acid (L-Glu) levels on contents of collagenous (CP), non collagenous (NCP) total proteins (TP) and minerals in femur and tibia of male broiler chicks, one experiment was conducted with day-old broiler chicks, male Hubbard, reared in electrically heated batteries with raised wire mesh floors and fed purified amino acid diets and water ad libitum for a 14 days period. The basal diet contained all essential L-amino acids, minerals and vitamins at requirement levels and was supplemented with 5,0; 7,5; 10,0; 12,5% L-Glutamic acid (L-Glu). Each treatment had five replicates of five chicks each. Supplementation of 7.5% L-Glu was sufficient to improve growth, feed/gain ratio and the higher tibia and femur length. To reduce leg problems to a minimum observed (19.92%) were necessary higher level of non-specific nitrogen (12,5% L-Glu). No effects were observed of L-Glu levels upon feed consumption. There was no significant dietary effect in the content of CP, TP and Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Na e K tibia and femur ash. The NCP contents of both the tibia and femur were significant higher in chicks fed 12,5% L-Glu. Increasing the dietary level of non-specific nitrogen, it was observed a tendency to increase NCP content of tibia and femur. Although some differences were observed in the mineral composition of bones, the mineral contents were in physiological range.

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          Most cited references25

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          Análise de alimentos (métodos químicos e biológicos)

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            Skeletal growth of commercial poultry species.

            M Lilburn (1994)
            There have been significant increases in growth and development of commercial broilers, turkeys, and ducks. The large decline in days to market and disproportional increases in breast yield have contributed to greater incidences of various skeletal anomalies. Across all three species, tibial dyschondroplasia is observed about half-way through the growing period (50%), but in each case the birds have achieved 40% or less of their final BW. Relative tibia development (length and width) is significantly slower in broilers compared with turkeys and ducks, which suggests a greater susceptibility to biomechanical problems, the end result of which is abnormal long bone development. There are relatively few studies that have addressed changes in the femur as well as the tibia. There are indications that mineralization rates and other aspects of femur development occur more slowly than what is observed for the tibia. In this regard, the femur may be the weak link with respect to long bone developmental abnormalities. Nutrient restriction during short periods of the growout has proven to be an effective way of decreasing leg abnormalities. In all cases, however, there are corresponding declines in BW at normal market ages and associated declines in absolute breast muscle development. In the future, however, these fractional losses in measures of carcass yield may still be economically advantageous compared with the cost of increased leg problems under field conditions.
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              Sistema para análises estatísticas e genéticas. Versão 8.0.

              (2000)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa )
                1806-9290
                January 2002
                : 31
                : 1 suppl
                : 411-416
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Viçosa Brazil
                Article
                S1516-35982002000200016
                10.1590/S1516-35982002000200016
                204dfb71-ae63-4325-80de-708ab42b8e7a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1516-3598&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                Animal agriculture,General veterinary medicine
                broiler chicks,L-glutamic acid,chemical and biochemical composition,leg problems,ácido L-glutâmico,composição química e bioquímica,pintos de corte,problemas de pernas

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