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      Seamlessly Adhesive Bionic Periosteum Patches Via Filling Microcracks for Defective Bone Healing

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          Abstract

          Current artificial designs of the periosteum focus on osteogenic or angiogenic properties, while ignoring the filling and integration with bone microcracks, which trigger a prolonged excessive inflammatory reaction and lead to failure of bone regeneration. In this study, seamless adhesive biomimetic periosteum patches (HABP/Sr‐PLA) were prepared to fill microcracks in defective bone via interfacial self‐assembly induced by Sr ions mediated metal‐ligand interactions among pamidronate disodium‐modified hyaluronic acid (HAPD), black phosphorus (BP), and hydrophilic polylactic acid (PLA). In vitro, HABP/Sr‐PLA exhibited excellent self‐healing properties, seamlessly filled bone microcracks, and significantly enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Furthermore, in a rat cranial defect model, HABP/Sr‐PLA was demonstrated to significantly promote the formation of blood vessels and new bone under mild 808 nm photothermal stimulation (42.8 °C), and the highest protein expression of CD31 and OPN was five times higher than that of the control group and other groups. Therefore, the proposed seamless microcrack‐filled bionic periosteum patch is a promising clinical strategy for promoting bone repair.

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          Phosphorene: an unexplored 2D semiconductor with a high hole mobility.

          Han Liu, Adam T. Neal, Zhen Zhu … (2014)
          We introduce the 2D counterpart of layered black phosphorus, which we call phosphorene, as an unexplored p-type semiconducting material. Same as graphene and MoS2, single-layer phosphorene is flexible and can be mechanically exfoliated. We find phosphorene to be stable and, unlike graphene, to have an inherent, direct, and appreciable band gap. Our ab initio calculations indicate that the band gap is direct, depends on the number of layers and the in-layer strain, and is significantly larger than the bulk value of 0.31-0.36 eV. The observed photoluminescence peak of single-layer phosphorene in the visible optical range confirms that the band gap is larger than that of the bulk system. Our transport studies indicate a hole mobility that reflects the structural anisotropy of phosphorene and complements n-type MoS2. At room temperature, our few-layer phosphorene field-effect transistors with 1.0 μm channel length display a high on-current of 194 mA/mm, a high hole field-effect mobility of 286 cm(2)/V·s, and an on/off ratio of up to 10(4). We demonstrate the possibility of phosphorene integration by constructing a 2D CMOS inverter consisting of phosphorene PMOS and MoS2 NMOS transistors.
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            Self-Healing Hydrogels

            Marc in het Panhuis, Danielle Taylor (2016)
            Over the past few years, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of hydrogel materials with tunable structural, mechanical, and rheological properties, which exhibit rapid and autonomous self-healing and self-recovery for utilization in a broad range of applications, from soft robotics to tissue engineering. However, self-healing hydrogels generally either possess mechanically robust or rapid self-healing properties but not both. Hence, the development of a mechanically robust hydrogel material with autonomous self-healing on the time scale of seconds is yet to be fully realized. Here, the current advances in the development of autonomous self-healing hydrogels are reviewed. Specifically, methods to test self-healing efficiencies and recoveries, mechanisms of autonomous self-healing, and mechanically robust hydrogels are presented. The trends indicate that hydrogels that self-heal better also achieve self-healing faster, as compared to gels that only partially self-heal. Recommendations to guide future development of self-healing hydrogels are offered and the potential relevance of self-healing hydrogels to the exciting research areas of 3D/4D printing, soft robotics, and assisted health technologies is highlighted.
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              Poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid)-based composite bone-substitute materials

              Duoyi Zhao, Tongtong Zhu, Jie Li … (2020)
              Research and development of the ideal artificial bone-substitute materials to replace autologous and allogeneic bones for repairing bone defects is still a challenge in clinical orthopedics. Recently, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based artificial bone-substitute materials are attracting increasing attention as the benefit of their suitable biocompatibility, degradability, mechanical properties, and capabilities to promote bone regeneration. In this article, we comprehensively review the artificial bone-substitute materials made from PLGA or the composites of PLGA and other organic and inorganic substances, elaborate on their applications for bone regeneration with or without bioactive factors, and prospect the challenges and opportunities in clinical bone regeneration.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Title: Small Methods
                Abbreviated Title: Small Methods
                Publisher: Wiley
                ISSN (Print): 2366-9608
                ISSN (Electronic): 2366-9608
                Publication date Created: October 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): June 25 2023
                Publication date (Print): October 2023
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 10
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 P. R. China
                [2 ] Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
                Article
                DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300370
                SO-VID: 2019996c-4378-4b5c-b9e5-03baeb3c5640
                Copyright © © 2023
                License:

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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