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      The diurnal emission of floral scent in Oncidium hybrid orchid is controlled by CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 ( CCA1) through the direct regulation on terpene synthase

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          Abstract

          Background

          To adapt the periodic fluctuation of environmental factors, plants are subtle to monitor the natural variation for the growth and development. The daily activities and physiological functions in coordination with the natural variation are regulated by circadian clock genes. The circadian emission of floral scents is one of the rhythmic physiological activities controlled by circadian clock genes. Here, we study the molecular mechanism of circadian emission pattern of ocimene and linalool compounds in Oncidium Sharry Baby ( Onc. SB) orchid.

          Results

          GC-Mass analysis revealed that Onc. SB periodically emitted ocimene and linalool during 6 to 14 o’clock daily. Terpene synthase, one of the key gene in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway is expressed in coordination with scent emission. The promoter structure of terpene synthase revealed a circadian binding sequence (CBS), 5’-AGATTTTT-3’ for CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) transcription factor. EMSA data confirms the binding affinity of CCA1. Transactivation assay further verified that TPS expression is regulated by CCA1. It suggests that the emission of floral scents is controlled by CCA1.

          Conclusions

          The work validates that the mechanism of circadian emission of floral scents in Onc. Sharry Baby is controlled by the oscillator gene, CCA1( CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1) under light condition. CCA1 transcription factor up-regulates terpene synthase ( TPS) by binding on CBS motif, 5’-AGATTTTT-3’ of promoter region to affect the circadian emission of floral scents in Onc. SB.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-022-03850-z.

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          Most cited references33

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          Biosynthesis, function and metabolic engineering of plant volatile organic compounds.

          Plants synthesize an amazing diversity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that facilitate interactions with their environment, from attracting pollinators and seed dispersers to protecting themselves from pathogens, parasites and herbivores. Recent progress in -omics technologies resulted in the isolation of genes encoding enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of many volatiles and contributed to our understanding of regulatory mechanisms involved in VOC formation. In this review, we largely focus on the biosynthesis and regulation of plant volatiles, the involvement of floral volatiles in plant reproduction as well as their contribution to plant biodiversity and applications in agriculture via crop-pollinator interactions. In addition, metabolic engineering approaches for both the improvement of plant defense and pollinator attraction are discussed in light of methodological constraints and ecological complications that limit the transition of crops with modified volatile profiles from research laboratories to real-world implementation. © 2013 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2013 New Phytologist Trust.
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            Constitutive expression of the CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) gene disrupts circadian rhythms and suppresses its own expression.

            The CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) gene encodes a MYB-related transcription factor involved in the phytochrome induction of a light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein (Lhcb) gene. Expression of the CCA1 gene is transiently induced by phytochrome and oscillates with a circadian rhythm. Constitutive expression of CCA1 protein in transgenic plants abolished the circadian rhythm of several genes with dramatically different phases. These plants also had longer hypocotyls and delayed flowering, developmental processes regulated by light and the circadian clock. Furthermore, the expression of both endogenous CCA1 and the related LHY gene was suppressed. Our results suggest that CCA1 is a part of a feedback loop that is closely associated with the circadian clock in Arabidopsis.
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              A simple and efficient method for isolating RNA from pine trees

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                ykwbppp@ntu.edu.tw
                Journal
                BMC Plant Biol
                BMC Plant Biol
                BMC Plant Biology
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2229
                4 October 2022
                4 October 2022
                2022
                : 22
                : 472
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.19188.39, ISNI 0000 0004 0546 0241, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, , National Taiwan University, ; No 1, Sect. 4, Roosevelt Road, 106 Taipei, Taiwan
                [2 ]GRID grid.418033.d, ISNI 0000 0001 2229 4212, Fujian Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Floriculture, Crop Research Institute, , Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ; Fuzhou, Fujian Province China
                [3 ]GRID grid.410654.2, ISNI 0000 0000 8880 6009, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Life Science, , Yangtze University, ; Jingzhou, 434025 Hubei China
                [4 ]GRID grid.19188.39, ISNI 0000 0004 0546 0241, Center for Weather Climate and Disaster Research, , National Taiwan University, ; Taipei, 106 Taiwan
                Article
                3850
                10.1186/s12870-022-03850-z
                9531428
                1fdf1012-d052-485a-87a4-faec41593297
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 3 June 2022
                : 16 September 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: Academia Sinica, Taiwan
                Award ID: AS-KPQ- (107〜109)-ITAR-034
                Award ID: AS-KPQ- (107〜109)-ITAR-034
                Award ID: AS-KPQ- (107〜109)-ITAR-034
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Research
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Plant science & Botany
                floral scent,circadian rhythm,oncidium sharry baby,circadian clock associated 1 (cca1),cca1 binding site (cbs)

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