Air pollution and elementary school students' absenteeism caused by respiratory symptoms and diseases among primary school students

Abstract

Objective To investigate the health effects of air pollution on elementary school students with the indicator of absenteeism caused by respiratory symptoms and diseases, and to provide a reference for improving their physical health.

Methods Absenteeism, air pollutants, and meteorological data during Sep. 2015 to Jun. 2017 in Pudong, Shanghai were collected. Generalized additive model was used to estimate the effects of air pollution on students’ absenteeism caused by respiratory symptom and diseases, time trends, day of week and meteorological factors were controlled.

Results Totally 47 723 person-days of elementary school students’ absenteeism caused by respiratory symptoms and diseases were recorded during Sep.2015 to Jun. 2016 in Pudong, Shanghai, and the absenteeism rate was 0. 07%. The PM2.5 concentration on lag0 and SO2 concentration on lag2 showed the most significant effects, the elementary school students’ absenteeism raised for 1.43% (95% CI = 0.25% ~ 2.62%) and 6.79% (95%CI= 0.25% ~ 13.32%) respectively with every 10 pg/m ³ increment of PM2.5 and SO2.

Conclusion Air pollution in Pudong new area have made a influence on the elementary school student’s respiratory symptoms and absenteeism, and the prevention work of air pollution should be strenghthened.

Abstract

【摘要】目的探讨大气污染对小学生因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课的影响，为提髙学生身体健康状况提供参考。 方 法收集上海市浦东新区2015—2016学年小学生每日因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课资料、大气污染和气象资料，利用基于 广义相加模型的时间序列分析，同时控制时间长期趋势和温湿度影响，定量评价大气污染对小学生因呼吸系统症状和疾病 缺课的影响。 结果2015—2016学年，浦东新区小学生因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课率为0.07%，浦东新区PM2.5对小学生 因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课的最大单日效应出现在因病缺课当日，SO:最大单日效应出现在滞后2 d，污染物质量体积指 数每升髙10 p&/m ³，每日小学生因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课人数分别增加1.43% (95% CI = 0.25% ~ 2.62%)和6.79% (95% CI =0. 25% ~ 13.32%)。PM10和NO ₂对小学生因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课影响的单日滞后和多日累积效应均无统计学意 义（ P值均>0.05)。 结论浦东新区大气污染对小学生因呼吸系统症状和疾病缺课存在影响，大气污染防治仍需加强。