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      In the shadow of a megalopolis, a new Flexamia from a threatened grass species in the New Jersey Pine Barrens (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Paralimnini)

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          A previously unknown species of the North American leafhopper genus Flexamia , Flexamia whitcombi sp. n., is described from pinebarren smokegrass ( Muhlenbergia torreyana (Schult.) Hitchc.), a state-listed threatened grass in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. The serrata species group, to which it belongs, is redefined and a key to the species of the group is provided. This is the first reported insect association with Muhlenbergia torreyana .

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          Genus Flexamia: new species, phylogeny, and ecology

          (1988)
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            The Status of the Coastal Plain Pondshore Community in New York

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              Phylogeny of the grassland leafhopper genus Flexamia (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences.

              Leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) are a highly diverse group of sap-sucking insects, many species of which specialize on grasses. Past attempts to examine the roles of host transfer or host plant coevolution in the diversification of leafhopper species using cladistic methods have been hindered by a paucity of discrete, phylogenetically informative morphological characters. To demonstrate the utility of DNA sequence data for species-level phylogenetic studies of Cicadellidae, we estimated phylogenetic relationships among species in the North American grassland leafhopper genus Flexamia DeLong using partial nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial 16S rDNA and NADH dehydrogenase 1, totaling 1496 base pairs and 810 potentially informative characters. Analyses of the partitioned and combined sequence data using maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, and maximum likelihood criteria yielded similar estimates of relationships in which most nodes were well-supported by bootstrap and decay indices. These estimates largely agreed with a previously published, intuitive, morphology-based phylogeny for the genus. A parsimony reconstruction of host associations based on these results suggests that the origins of various Flexamia clades coincided with host transfers among grass subfamilies or genera. Nevertheless, associations with certain subfamilies, genera, or species of grasses appear to have been largely conserved in the evolutionary diversification of Flexamia. Copyright 1997 Academic Press
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                ZooKeys
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2015
                2 July 2015
                : 511
                : 69-79
                Affiliations
                [1 ]University of Colorado, Museum of Natural History, Entomology Section, Boulder, CO USA
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Andrew Hicks ( andrew.hicks@ 123456colorado.edu )

                Academic editor: A. Sanborn

                Article
                10.3897/zookeys.511.9572
                4523745
                1eba6f84-3e41-4068-9d53-c830bbf64dfe
                Andrew Hicks

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 12 March 2015
                : 3 June 2015
                Categories
                Research Article

                Animal science & Zoology
                hemiptera,cicadellidae,deltocephalinae,leafhopper,flexamia,new species,muhlenbergia torreyana,new jersey pine barrens,animalia

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