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      Imunodepressão induzida por talidomida e ciclosporina em transplante cardíaco heterotópico de coelho Translated title: Imunodeppression induced by thalidomide and cyclosporine in heterotopic heart transplantation of rabbits

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: A talidomida, por seus efeitos antiinflamatórios e imunodepressores, tem sido utilizada no tratamento de doenças dermatológicas e na doença enxerto-contra-hospedeiro no transplante de medula óssea. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a ação deste medicamento como imunodepressor em transplante de órgãos, estudando sua ação isoladamente ou em combinação com a ciclosporina na prevenção da rejeição ao aloenxerto cardíaco heterotópico em coelho. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 50 coelhos, sendo 25 doadores e 25 receptores.Os animais receptores foram subdivididos em cinco grupos (n= 5) : Grupo I (controle) animais não-imunodeprimidos; Grupo II (imunodeprimidos com ciclosporina na dose de 10 mg/kg/dia); Grupo III (imunodeprimidos com talidomida na dose de 100 mg/kg/dia); Grupo IV (imunodeprimidos com ciclosporina na dose de 5,0 mg/kg/dia) e Grupo V (imunodeprimidos com ciclosporina na dose de 5,0 mg/kg/dia associada a talidomida na dose de 50 mg/kg/dia). Os medicamentos foram administrados através de cateter orogástrico, a partir do dia anterior ao transplante. RESULTADOS: O coração do doador foi implantado no abdome dos receptores. A associação de talidomida e ciclosporina apresentou o menor escore histopatológico de rejeição (p < 0,05). Observou-se que a talidomida empregada isoladamente ou associada à ciclosporina foi efetiva contra a rejeição, aumentando a sobrevida (p < 0,01) de animais submetidos ao transplante cardíaco heterotópico em posição abdominal. CONCLUSÕES: A talidomida empregada isoladamente, ou associada à ciclosporina, pode representar uma opção de imunodepressão em transplantes cardíaco heterotópico experimental de coelho.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: Because of its anti-inflammatory and immunodepressive effects, thalidomide has been used for the treatment of dermatologic diseases and of host-versus-graft disease in patients submitted to bone marrow transplantation. In the present study we evaluated the immunodepressive action of thalidomide alone or in combination with cyclosporine on the prevention of rejection of a heterotopic cardiac allograft in rabbits. METHODS: Fifty rabbits were used, 25 of them as donors and 25 as recipients. Recipient animals were divided into five groups (n = 5 each): Group I (control) _ non-immunodepressed animals, Group II (immunodepressed animals with cyclosporine at the dose of 10 mg/kg/day), Group III ( immunodepressed animals with thalidomide at the dose of 100 mg/kg/day), Group IV ( immunodepressed animals with cyclosporine at the dose of 5.0 mg/kg/day ), and Group V ( immunodepressed animals with cyclosporine at the dose of 5.0 mg/kg/day in combination with thalidomide at the dose of 50 mg/kg/day). Medications were administered through an orogastric catheter starting on the day before the transplant. The heart of the donors was implanted in the abdomen of the recipients. RESULTS: The combination of thalidomide and cyclosporine showed the lowest histopathological rejection score (p < 0.05). Thalidomide administered alone or in combination with cyclosporine was effective against rejection, significantly increasing the survival (p < 0.01) of animals submitted to heterotopic heart transplantation in the abdominal position. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of the combination of thalidomide and cyclosporine may represent an important application in the field of pharmacological imunosuppression in organ transplants.

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          Most cited references37

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          Aspectos éticos na pesquisa em animais

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            Thalidomide. A promising new treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.

            In an open study, oral administration of thalidomide to 7 female patients with classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis, in doses ranging from 6.9 to 15 mg/kg/day, led to clinical improvement within several weeks. In 4 women, remission lasted long after discontinuation of the drug. All patients showed normalization or marked reduction of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and several showed a significant decrease in rheumatoid factor titer. Adverse side effects included drowsiness, constipation, and edema of the lower limbs, which disappeared after discontinuation of the drug.
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              Thalidomide as salvage therapy for chronic graft-versus-host disease.

              Thalidomide has been reported to be an effective agent for treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (CGVHD). To determine the efficacy of this agent in patients with refractory CGVHD a total of 80 patients who failed to respond to prednisone (PSE) or PSE and cyclosporine (CSA) were treated with thalidomide. Sixteen patients (20%) had a sustained response, 9 with a complete remission and 7 with a partial response. Twenty-nine patients (36%) had thalidomide discontinued because of side effects, which included sedation, constipation, neuritis, skin rash, and neutropenia. Side effects were reversible with drug discontinuation except for mild residual neuritis in one case. Rashes and neutropenia have not previously been reported as thalidomide side effects when used for CGVHD treatment. We conclude thalidomide is immunosuppressive and active in the treatment of CGVHD. A high incidence of reversible side effects limited dose intensity and reduced the number of patients who could benefit from treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcbc
                Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões
                Rev. Col. Bras. Cir.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0100-6991
                1809-4546
                April 2003
                : 30
                : 2
                : 106-113
                Affiliations
                [04] orgnameUNIFESP orgdiv1Escola Paulista de Medicina
                [06] orgnameUFMG orgdiv1Instituto de Ciências Biológicas
                [05] orgnameUSP orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto
                [03] orgnameUFMG orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Cirurgia
                [02] orgnameUNIFENAS orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências Médicas orgdiv2Hospital Universitário Alzira Velano
                [01] orgnameUFMG orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Cirurgia
                Article
                S0100-69912003000200005 S0100-6991(03)03000205
                10.1590/S0100-69912003000200005
                1d832736-9447-4460-916b-922f058a8db2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 October 2001
                : 02 April 2002
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Ciclosporina,Talidomida,Transplante de coração,Coelhos,Thalidomide,Cyclosporine,Heart transplantation,Rabbits

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