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      Recent advances in atomically precise metal nanoclusters for electrocatalytic applications

      Author(s): 1 , 1
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
      Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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          Abstract

          Atomically precise nanoclusters provide a good platform for investigating the actual active sites and reaction mechanisms of electrocatalysis at the atomic or molecular scale, which has been investigated for numerous electrocatalytic applications.

          Abstract

          In comparison with metal nanoparticles, atomically precise nanoclusters provide a more advantageous platform for investigating the actual active sites and reaction mechanisms of electrocatalysis at the atomic or molecular scale. Until now, many efficient nanocluster-based electrocatalysts have been investigated for numerous electrocatalytic applications. In this review, we summarize recent advances in atomically precise metal nanoclusters for electrocatalytic applications, including the hydrogen evolution reaction, electrochemical synthesis of ammonia, electrochemical CO 2reduction reaction, fuel cell reaction, and pollutant degradation reaction. In particular, the crucial factors affecting the electrocatalytic performance of metal nanoclusters are discussed and concluded in detail, such as the composition of the metal core, the charge state of metal atoms, the type of protection ligand, precise structure, and different substrates. Simultaneously, suggestions for improvements and future perspectives of atomically precise metal nanoclusters for electrochemical applications are highlighted in the end. This review is intended to offer a deeper comprehension of the advantages of atomically precise metal nanoclusters and to form a basis for their more extensive utilization in electrocatalysis.

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          Atomically Precise Noble Metal Nanoclusters as Efficient Catalysts: A Bridge between Structure and Properties

          Yuanxin Du, Hongting Sheng, Didier Astruc … (2019)
          Improving the knowledge of the relationship between structure and properties is fundamental in catalysis. Recently, researchers have developed a variety of well-controlled methods to synthesize atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs). NCs have shown high catalytic activity and unique selectivity in many catalytic reactions, which are related to their ultrasmall size, abundant unsaturated active sites, and unique electronic structure different from that of traditional nanoparticles (NPs). More importantly, because of their definite structure and monodispersity, they are used as model catalysts to reveal the correlation between catalyst performance and structure at the atomic scale. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the recent progress on NCs in catalysis and provide potential theoretical guidance for the rational design of high-performance catalysts. First a brief summary of the synthetic strategies and characterization methods of NCs is provided. Then the primary focus of this review-the model catalyst role of NCs in catalysis-is illustrated from theoretical and experimental perspectives, particularly in electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, photoelectric conversion, and catalysis of organic reactions. Finally, the main challenges and opportunities are examined for a deep understanding of the key catalytic steps with the goal of expanding the catalytic application range of NCs.
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            Clean and Affordable Hydrogen Fuel from Alkaline Water Splitting: Past, Recent Progress, and Future Prospects.

            Zi-You Yu, Yu Duan, Xing-Yu Feng … (2021)
            Hydrogen economy has emerged as a very promising alternative to the current hydrocarbon economy, which involves the process of harvesting renewable energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen and then further utilization of clean hydrogen fuel. The production of hydrogen by water electrolysis is an essential prerequisite of the hydrogen economy with zero carbon emission. Among various water electrolysis technologies, alkaline water splitting has been commercialized for more than 100 years, representing the most mature and economic technology. Here, the historic development of water electrolysis is overviewed, and several critical electrochemical parameters are discussed. After that, advanced nonprecious metal electrocatalysts that emerged recently for negotiating the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are discussed, including transition metal oxides, (oxy)hydroxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, and nitrides for the OER, as well as transition metal alloys, chalcogenides, phosphides, and carbides for the HER. In this section, particular attention is paid to the catalyst synthesis, activity and stability challenges, performance improvement, and industry-relevant developments. Some recent works about scaled-up catalyst synthesis, novel electrode designs, and alkaline seawater electrolysis are also spotlighted. Finally, an outlook on future challenges and opportunities for alkaline water splitting is offered, and potential future directions are speculated.
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              Surface and Interface Control in Nanoparticle Catalysis

              Chenlu Xie, Zhiqiang Niu, Dohyung Kim … (2020)
              The surface and interfaces of heterogeneous catalysts are essential to their performance as they are often considered to be active sites for catalytic reactions. With the development of nanoscience, the ability to tune surface and interface of nanostructures has provided a versatile tool for the development and optimization of a heterogeneous catalyst. In this Review, we present the surface and interface control of nanoparticle catalysts in the context of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR), and tandem catalysis in three sections. In the first section, we start with the activity of ORR on the nanoscale surface and then focus on the approaches to optimize the performance of Pt-based catalyst including using alloying, core-shell structure, and high surface area open structures. In the section of CO2 RR, where the surface composition of the catalysts plays a dominant role, we cover its reaction fundamentals and the performance of different nanosized metal catalysts. For tandem catalysis, where adjacent catalytic interfaces in a single nanostructure catalyze sequential reactions, we describe its concept and principle, catalyst synthesis methodology, and application in different reactions.
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                Author and article information

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                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ICFNAW
                Title: Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
                Abbreviated Title: Inorg. Chem. Front.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Electronic): 2052-1553
                Publication date Created: July 11 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 2023
                Volume: 10
                Issue: 14
                Pages: 3995-4007
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/D3QI00656E
                SO-VID: 1cc3e7b0-0660-4a55-bb9d-250364427457
                Copyright © © 2023
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                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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