A longitudinal study of the influence of concerns about contagion on negative affect during the COVID-19 lockdown in adults: The moderating effect of gender and resilience

Megías-Robles, Alberto; Gutiérrez-Cobo, María José; Cabello, Rosario; Gómez-Leal, Raquel; Fernández-Berrocal, Pablo

doi:10.1177/1359105321990794

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A longitudinal study of the influence of concerns about contagion on negative affect during the COVID-19 lockdown in adults: The moderating effect of gender and resilience

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Author(s): Alberto Megías-Robles ¹ , María José Gutiérrez-Cobo ¹ , Rosario Cabello ² , Raquel Gómez-Leal ¹ , Pablo Fernández-Berrocal ¹

Publication date (Electronic): 4 February 2021

Journal: Journal of Health Psychology

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Keywords: Age, contagion concern, COVID-19, gender, negative affect, resilience

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Abstract

The COVID-19 global pandemic has had psychological consequences worldwide. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of concerns about contagion on negative affect (NA) according to resilience, gender and age by using a longitudinal methodology that evaluated the participants 4 months before the COVID-19 outbreak and during the resulting lockdown situation imposed by the Spanish government. About 102 participants from a community sample were assessed. The results revealed higher levels of NA during the lockdown, as well as a positive relationship between age and the increase in NA. In addition, we found that a positive relationship between contagion concern and increase in NA was only observed in women with low resilience.

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The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence

Samantha K. Brooks, Rebecca K Webster, Louise E. Smith … (2022)

Summary The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask people who have potentially come into contact with the infection to isolate themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Decisions on how to apply quarantine should be based on the best available evidence. We did a Review of the psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases. Of 3166 papers found, 24 are included in this Review. Most reviewed studies reported negative psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and anger. Stressors included longer quarantine duration, infection fears, frustration, boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, financial loss, and stigma. Some researchers have suggested long-lasting effects. In situations where quarantine is deemed necessary, officials should quarantine individuals for no longer than required, provide clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols, and ensure sufficient supplies are provided. Appeals to altruism by reminding the public about the benefits of quarantine to wider society can be favourable.

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Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Kathryn M Connor, Jonathan Davidson (2003)

Resilience may be viewed as a measure of stress coping ability and, as such, could be an important target of treatment in anxiety, depression, and stress reactions. We describe a new rating scale to assess resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC) comprises of 25 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. The scale was administered to subjects in the following groups: community sample, primary care outpatients, general psychiatric outpatients, clinical trial of generalized anxiety disorder, and two clinical trials of PTSD. The reliability, validity, and factor analytic structure of the scale were evaluated, and reference scores for study samples were calculated. Sensitivity to treatment effects was examined in subjects from the PTSD clinical trials. The scale demonstrated good psychometric properties and factor analysis yielded five factors. A repeated measures ANOVA showed that an increase in CD-RISC score was associated with greater improvement during treatment. Improvement in CD-RISC score was noted in proportion to overall clinical global improvement, with greatest increase noted in subjects with the highest global improvement and deterioration in CD-RISC score in those with minimal or no global improvement. The CD-RISC has sound psychometric properties and distinguishes between those with greater and lesser resilience. The scale demonstrates that resilience is modifiable and can improve with treatment, with greater improvement corresponding to higher levels of global improvement. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations

Jianyin Qiu, Bin Shen, Min Zhao … (2020)

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic emerged in Wuhan, China, spread nationwide and then onto half a dozen other countries between December 2019 and early 2020. The implementation of unprecedented strict quarantine measures in China has kept a large number of people in isolation and affected many aspects of people’s lives. It has also triggered a wide variety of psychological problems, such as panic disorder, anxiety and depression. This study is the first nationwide large-scale survey of psychological distress in the general population of China during the COVID-19 epidemic.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Health Psychol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Health Psychol

Journal ID (publisher-id): HPQ

Journal ID (hwp): sphpq

Title: Journal of Health Psychology

Publisher: SAGE Publications (Sage UK: London, England )

ISSN (Print): 1359-1053

ISSN (Electronic): 1461-7277

Publication date (Electronic): 4 February 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 4 February 2021

Electronic Location Identifier: 1359105321990794

Affiliations

[1 ]University of Málaga, Spain

[2 ]University of Granada, Spain

Author notes

[*]María José Gutiérrez-Cobo, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Campus Teatinos, s/n., Málaga 29071, Spain. Email: mjgc@ 123456uma.es

Author information

Alberto Megías-Robles https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4563-7465

Rosario Cabello https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-7181

Raquel Gómez-Leal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-6966

Pablo Fernández-Berrocal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0844-2976

Article

Publisher ID: 10.1177_1359105321990794

DOI: 10.1177/1359105321990794

PMC ID: 8685745

PubMed ID: 33541155

SO-VID: 1ca2559d-d0f3-43c5-861d-9371d7bc4d21

License:

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.