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      A Review of Early Displaced Maxillary Canines: Etiology, Diagnosis and Interceptive Treatment

      research-article
      Author(s): 1 , * , 2
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: The Open Dentistry Journal
      Publisher: Bentham Open
      Keywords: Early displaced canines, etiology, diagnosis, prevention.

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          Abstract

          Impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem the treatment of which usually requires an interdisciplinary approach. Surgical exposure of the impacted tooth and the complex orthodontic mechanisms that are applied to align the tooth into the arch may lead to varying amounts of damage to the supporting structures of the tooth, not to mention the long treatment duration and the financial burden to the patient. Hence, it seems worthwhile to focus on the means of early diagnosis and interception of this clinical situation. In the present article, theories related with the etiology of impacted canines and predictive variables of canine impaction in the mixed dentition are reviewed with an insight into current interceptive treatment modalities.

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          Impacted maxillary canines: a review.

          S N Bishara (1992)
          An overview of the incidence and sequelae, as well as the surgical, periodontal, and orthodontic considerations in the management, of impacted canines is presented. The clinician needs to be familiar with the differences in the surgical management of the labially and palatally impacted canines, the best method of attachment to the canine for orthodontic force application, the advantages of one-arch versus two-arch treatment, and the implications of canine extraction. The various factors that influence all these decisions are discussed.
          Article 0 comments Cited 103 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The etiology of maxillary canine impactions.

            Liva Jacoby (1983)
            The etiology of tooth impactions has long been related to an arch-length deficiency. This is valid for most impactions, but not for palatal impaction of the maxillary canine. This study shows that 85 percent of the palatally impacted canines have sufficient space for eruption. The bud of the maxillary canine is wedged between the nasal cavity, the orbit, and the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus. The buds of the lateral incisor and the first premolar are located behind the canine's palatal surface. An arch-length deficiency will not allow the maxillary canine to "jump" the buds, the nasal cavity, or the sinus in order to reappear in the palate. A canine can be palatally impacted if an extra space is available in the maxillary bone. This space can be provided by (1) excessive growth in the base of the maxillary bone, (2) space created by agenesis or peg-shaped lateral incisors, or (3) stimulated eruption of the lateral incisor or the first premolar. In those conditions the canine is free to "dive" in the bone and to become palatally impacted. A dysplasia in the maxillary-premaxillary suture can also modify the direction of the maxillary canine's eruption.
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              A controlled study of associated dental anomalies.

              T Baccetti (1998)
              The purpose of this study was to reveal patterns of association among seven types of dental anomalies (aplasia of second premolars, small size of maxillary lateral incisors, infraocclusion of primary molars, enamel hypoplasia, ectopic eruption of first molars, supernumerary teeth, and palatal displacement of maxillary canines) in an untreated orthodontic population, ages 7 to 14. The prevalence of associated tooth anomalies in seven groups of 100 subjects selected according to one primarily diagnosed dental anomaly was compared with the prevalence of the examined dental anomalies in a control group of 1,000 subjects. Significant reciprocal associations (p < 0.005) were found among five of the anomalies (aplasia of second premolars, small size of maxillary lateral incisors, infraocclusion of primary molars, enamel hypoplasia, and palatal displacement of maxillary canines), suggesting a common genetic origin for these conditions. Supernumerary teeth appeared to be a separate etiological entity with respect to all other examined tooth anomalies. The existence of associations between different tooth anomalies is clinically relevant, as the early diagnosis of one anomaly may indicate an increased risk for others.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Open Dent J
                Journal ID (publisher-id): TODENTJ
                Title: The Open Dentistry Journal
                Publisher: Bentham Open
                ISSN (Electronic): 1874-2106
                Publication date (Electronic): 16 March 2011
                Publication date Collection: 2011
                Volume: 5
                Pages: 39-47
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Orthodontist 2, Venizelou Str., 50100 Kozani, Greece
                [2 ]Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul Turkey
                Author notes
                [* ]Address correspondence to this author at the Orthodontist 2, Venizelou Str., 50100 Kozani, Greece; Tel: 00306944590196; Fax: 00302462024228; E-mail: info@ 123456orthosmile.gr
                Article
                Publisher ID: TODENTJ-5-39
                DOI: 10.2174/1874210601105010039
                PMC ID: 3091288
                PubMed ID: 21566691
                SO-VID: 1c8a8681-d1dc-4a4c-9ae1-c1cfeca39955
                Copyright © © Litsas and Acar; Licensee Bentham Open.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 13 August 2010
                Date revision received : 15 November 2010
                Date accepted : 4 January 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: etiology,diagnosis,early displaced canines,prevention.
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: etiology, diagnosis, early displaced canines, prevention.

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