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      Mixed influence of COVID-19 on primary maternal and child health services in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected the provision of and demand for routine health services in the world. The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary maternal and child health (MCH) services in sub-Saharan Africa.

          Methods

          The studies searched original studies reporting on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary MCH services. Four scientific databases (Pubmed, AJOL, CAIRN, CINAHL) and one gray literature database (Google Scholar) were used for this search. We also searched through the snowball citation approach and study reference lists.

          Results

          The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary MCH services has been mixed in sub-Saharan Africa. Attendance at some health centers declined for antenatal care, deliveries, immunization, and pneumonia cases. Other health centers did not experience a significant influence of the pandemic on some of these services. In fact, antenatal care increased in a number of health centers. MCH service indicators which declined during COVID-19 were linked on the demand side to regulatory measures against COVID-19, the perceived unavailability of resources for routine services, the perceived negative attitude of staff in these facilities, the perceived transmission risk in primary health care facilities and the perceived anticipated stigma. On the supply side, factors included the lack of equipment in primary facilities, the lack of guidelines for providing care in the pandemic context, the regulatory measures against COVID-19 taken in these facilities, and the lack of motivation of providers working in these facilities.

          Conclusion

          This study recommends prioritizing the improvement of infection prevention measures in primary health care facilities for resilience of MCH indicators to epidemic crises. Improvement efforts should be tailored to the disparities in preventive measures between health centers. The identification of best practices from more resilient health centers could better guide these efforts.

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          Most cited references35

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          The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

          Matthew J L Page, Joanne E McKenzie, Patrick Bossuyt … (2025)
          The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found. Over the past decade, advances in systematic review methodology and terminology have necessitated an update to the guideline. The PRISMA 2020 statement replaces the 2009 statement and includes new reporting guidance that reflects advances in methods to identify, select, appraise, and synthesise studies. The structure and presentation of the items have been modified to facilitate implementation. In this article, we present the PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist, an expanded checklist that details reporting recommendations for each item, the PRISMA 2020 abstract checklist, and the revised flow diagrams for original and updated reviews.
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            PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

            Adrian Aldcroft, Chantelle Garritty, Simon Lewin … (2018)
            Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.
            Article 0 comments Cited 7902 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework

              Lisa O'Malley, Hilary Arksey (2005)
              Article 0 comments Cited 6534 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Bienvenu Salim Camara: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1329013/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Alison M. El Ayadi: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1362357/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Appolinaire S. Thea: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2763271/overviewRole: Role: Role:
                Fatoumata B. Traoré: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1955121/overviewRole: Role: Role:
                El Hadj M. Diallo: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2554059/overviewRole: Role: Role:
                Mathias Doré: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Jean-Baptiste D. Loua: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2763206/overviewRole: Role: Role:
                Mabinty Toure: Role: Role:
                Alexandre Delamou: URI : http://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1266220/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Public Health
                Title: Frontiers in Public Health
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 2296-2565
                Publication date (Electronic): 24 June 2024
                Publication date Collection: 2024
                Volume: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1399398
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Africa Center of Excellence for Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases (CEA-PCMT), Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry , Conakry, Guinea
                [2] 2Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry , Conakry, Guinea
                [3] 3Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah , Forécariah, Guinea
                [4] 4Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, CA, United States
                [5] 5National Institute of Public Health , Bamako, Mali
                Author notes

                Edited by: Faris Lami, University of Baghdad, Iraq

                Reviewed by: Ozgur Karcioglu, University of Health Sciences, Türkiye

                Robert Kokou Dowou, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ghana

                *Correspondence: Bienvenu Salim Camara bienvenusalimcamara@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1399398
                PMC ID: 11228267
                PubMed ID: 38979041
                SO-VID: 1c619458-5f12-42da-8e8a-ddd6063c011b
                Copyright © Copyright © 2024 Camara, El Ayadi, Thea, Traoré, Diallo, Doré, Loua, Toure and Delamou.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 11 March 2024
                Date accepted : 03 June 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 10, Words: 8496
                Funding
                The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
                Categories
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Review
                Custom metadata
                section-at-acceptance Public Health Policy

                Keywords: primary healthcare,maternal and child health,covid-19,resilience,health systems,sub-saharan africa,scoping review
                Data availability:
                Keywords: primary healthcare, maternal and child health, covid-19, resilience, health systems, sub-saharan africa, scoping review

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