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      Anesthetic implications of Parry Romberg Syndrome: A case report

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          Abstract

          Introduction: Parry-Romberg Syndrome is a rare degenerative disease characterized by unilateral atrophy affecting the skin, connective tissue, muscle and bone. The end result is facial asymmetry associated with other skin, dental, visual, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders. Clinical findings, diagnostic evaluation and interventions: The case of a patient with Parry-Romberg Syndrome programmed for frontonasal flap remodeling is discussed. The patient's history includes trigeminal neuralgia, epilepsy, and two previous surgical interventions. Uneventful endotracheal intubation with the Glideoscope® video laryngoscope was performed, upon adequate pre-oxygenation followed by anesthetic induction. Conclusion: The phenotypical characteristics of Parry Romberg Syndrome are severe facial hemiatrophy and craniofacial anomalies that require careful preoperative evaluation and management of a potentially difficult airway. Consequently, the use of video laryngoscopes is a first-line approach. Due to the syndrome's associated disorders, it is essential to maintain hemodynamic stability and prevent any potential seizures.

          Translated abstract

          Introducción: El Síndrome de Parry-Romberg es una enfermedad degenerativa poco común, caracterizada por una atrofia unilateral que afecta la piel, el tejido conjuntivo, el músculo y el hueso. El resultado final es una asimetría facial cursando con otras alteraciones cutáneas, dentales, oculares, cardiovasculares y neurológicas. Hallazgos clínicos, evaluación diagnóstica e intervenciones: Presentamos un caso de un paciente con Síndrome de Parry-Romberg programado para remodelación de colgajo frontonasal. Entre sus antecedentes destacan neuralgia del trigémino, epilepsia y dos intervenciones quirúrgicas previas. Tras una adecuada preoxigenación y posterior inducción anestésica, se realiza una intubación endotraqueal sin incidencias mediante el videolaringoscopio Glideoscope®. Conclusión: El Síndrome de Parry Romberg presenta como características fenotípicas hemiatrofia facial grave y anomalías craneofaciales, que requieren una cuidadosa evaluación preoperatoria y el manejo de una vía aérea potencialmente difícil. Es por esto que los videolaringoscopios resultan una alternativa de primera línea. Debido a sus trastornos asociados, es esencial mantener la estabilidad hemodinámica y la prevención de posibles crisis convulsivas.

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          Central sympathetic dysregulation and immunological abnormalities in a case of progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg disease).

          A case of hemifacial atrophy (Parry-Romberg disease) is discussed. Electrophysiological and immunological studies were performed. Electromyography, blink reflex and trigeminal evoked potential abnormalities indicate that the brain stem may be implicated in the aetiology of the disease. Immunological evidence favoured this possibility and demonstrated possible involvement of the noradrenergic system. Hyperactivity of the brain stem sympathetic centres, possibly caused by an autoimmune process, may be the primary cause of the cutaneous and subcutaneous atrophy in Parry-Romberg disease.
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            Comparison of the glidescope®, flexible fibreoptic intubating bronchoscope, iPhone modified bronchoscope, and the Macintosh laryngoscope in normal and difficult airways: a manikin study

            Background Smart phone technology is becoming increasingly integrated into medical care. Our study compared an iPhone modified flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope as an intubation aid and clinical teaching tool with an unmodified bronchoscope, Glidescope® and Macintosh laryngoscope in a simulated normal and difficult airway scenario. Methods Sixty three anaesthesia providers, 21 consultant anaesthetists, 21 registrars and 21 anaesthetic nurses attempted to intubate a MegaCode Kelly™ manikin, comparing a normal and difficult airway scenario for each device. Primary endpoints were time to view the vocal cords (TVC), time to successful intubation (TSI) and number of failed intubations with each device. Secondary outcomes included participant rated device usability and preference for each scenario. Advantages and disadvantages of the iPhone modified bronchoscope were also discussed. Results There was no significant difference in TVC with the iPhone modified bronchoscope compared with the Macintosh blade (P = 1.0) or unmodified bronchoscope (P = 0.155). TVC was significantly shorter with the Glidescope compared with the Macintosh blade (P < 0.001), iPhone (P < 0.001) and unmodified bronchoscope (P = 0.011). The iPhone bronchoscope TSI was significantly longer than all other devices (P < 0.001). There was no difference between anaesthetic consultant or registrar TVC (P = 1.0) or TSI (P = 0.252), with both being less than the nurses (P < 0.001). Consultant anaesthetists and nurses had a higher intubation failure rate with the iPhone modified bronchoscope compared with the registrars. Although more difficult to use, similar proportions of consultants (14/21), registrars (15/21) and nurses (15/21) indicated that they would be prepared to use the iPhone modified bronchoscope in their clinical practice. The Glidescope was rated easiest to use (P < 0.001) and was the preferred device by all participants for the difficult airway scenario. Conclusions The iPhone modified bronchoscope, in its current configuration, was found to be more difficult to use compared with the Glidescope® and unmodified bronchoscope; however it offered several advantages for teaching fibreoptic intubation technique when video-assisted bronchoscopy was unavailable.
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              Facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rca
                Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
                Rev. colomb. anestesiol.
                SCARE-Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0120-3347
                January 2017
                : 45
                : suppl 1
                : 26-30
                Affiliations
                [02] Seville orgnameHospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío Spain
                [03] Seville orgnameHospital de Traumatología y Rehabilitación orgdiv1Director of the Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Anestesiología y Reanimación Spain
                [01] Seville orgnameHospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío Spain
                Article
                S0120-33472017000500007
                1ad8f57c-e91b-4ace-809c-5c210a1dbab3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 June 2015
                : 06 April 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Laryngoscopy,Anesthesia,Airway management,Facial hemiatrophy,Craniofacial dysostosis,Laringoscopía,Anestesia,Manejo de la vía aérea,Hemiatrofia facial,Disostosis craneofacil

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