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      Posible subvaloración del estado de la leptospirosis canina en Camagüey Translated title: Possible Underestimation of Canine Leptospirosis Incidence in Camagüey, Cuba

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          Hotspots of canine leptospirosis in the United States of America

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            Diagnosis of acute canine leptospirosis using multiple laboratory tests and characterization of the isolated strains

            Background Dogs presenting with acute leptospirosis may present non-specific clinical and laboratory findings, and the definitive diagnosis may require additional confirmatory tests, including bacterial culture, for the direct or indirect identification of the pathogen. The present study describes the diagnosis of leptospirosis in suspected dogs based on the use of multiple diagnostic tests, including serological, molecular and bacteriological tests, along with the characterization of the recovered leptospiral strains. Results Urine, serum and blood samples were collected from 33 dogs with suspected clinical leptospirosis treated at the University of São Paulo Veterinary Hospital Service (Hovet FMVZ-USP) between 2013 and 2016. Only dogs with high blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in association with multiple clinical manifestations of the disease were included. Leptospiral culture, PCR and serology (Microscopic agglutination test - MAT) were performed in blood and urine samples taken from all suspected dogs at clinical presentation, and an additional prospective MAT titration was performed in seven dogs. Infection could be identified exclusively by PCR in 10 dogs (30.3%), exclusively by MAT in four dogs (12.1%) and by both tests in four dogs, totaling 18 dogs (54.5–95%CI: 37.6–71.5). Six out of eight MAT-confirmed cases presented with the highest titers against the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup. Leptospires were recovered from urine samples from two PCR-positive dogs, and both strains could be characterized by Multilocus Sequence Analysis and serogrouping as L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. Both isolates were shown to be pathogenic in the hamster model. Conclusions The simultaneous use of MAT and PCR was able to increase the diagnosis of leptospirosis in clinically suspected cases. Despite the increasing incidence of new serovars affecting dogs being reported in different locations, our results suggest that leptospiral strains belonging to the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup are still a major causative agent of canine leptospirosis in São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1547-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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              SEROPREVALENCIA DE LEPTOSPIROSIS CANINA EN UNA COMUNIDAD RURAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE CIÉNAGA DE ORO, CÓRDOBA (COLOMBIA)

              La leptospirosis representa un problema con implicaciones en salud pública. En los caninos es una enfermedad no siempre diagnosticada, a pesar de su difusión y el rol que desempeñan éstos como reservorios de leptospiras patógenas, convirtiéndose en una importante fuente de infección hacia el humano y otras especies de interés zootécnico. Se hace necesario estudiar la epidemiología de la leptospirosis en la especie canina, para contribuir al diseño de estrategias de prevención y de control. Para determinar la seroprevalencia de Leptospira interrogans y los serovares más frecuentes, se adelantó un estudio epidemiológico transversal que incluyó una muestra de 70, caninos mayores de cuatro meses, existentes en la comunidad rural del corregimiento de Berástegui, municipio de Ciénaga de Oro (Córdoba) y por medio de la aglutinación microscópica (MAT,) implementado con 14 serovares. Se consideró un suero positivo cuando se observó aglutinación del 50%, en una dilución ≥ 1:100. La seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en la población canina fue del 47,14% y la mayor frecuencia fue para los serovares grippotyphosa, con el 37,14%, seguido de icterohaemorrhagiae y pomona, con el 34,29 y 25,71%, respectivamente. Al discriminar la seroprevalencia por el número de serovares, se encontró que el 10,01% de las infecciones ocurrió por un sólo serovar; el 5,72%, por dos; el 4,24%, por tres y el 27,17%, por cuatro o más serovares. Los patrones de coaglutinación más frecuentes fueron icterohaemorrhagiae-grippotyphosa. La mayor seropositividad, se determinó en los machos, por ser este el mayor grupo muestreado en la población canina evaluada. Estos resultados sugieren que la población canina puede ser un posible reservorio de leptospirosis en la zona de estudio; es necesario ejecutar estudios que permitan el aislamiento y la tipificación de los serovares prevalentes en esta región.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rpa
                Revista de Producción Animal
                Rev. prod. anim.
                Ediciones Universidad de Camagüey (Camagüey, , Cuba )
                2224-7920
                August 2019
                : 31
                : 2
                : 52-53
                Affiliations
                [1] Camagüey orgnameUniversidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz Cuba
                [2] Camagüey orgnameEmpresa Maraguán Cuba
                Article
                S2224-79202019000200052 S2224-7920(19)03100200052
                1a130c69-c03a-4c2f-ba1c-4fc1e0609b43

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 September 2018
                : 10 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 2
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

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