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      Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Promote Cholesterol Efflux and Improve HDL Functionality

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          Abstract

          Results of the present work give evidence from the beneficial role of extra virgin olive of oil (EVOO) consumption towards oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenols contained in EVOO are responsible for inhibiting lipoproteins oxidative damages and promoting reverse cholesterol transport process via ABCA1 pathway.

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          THE DIET AND 15-YEAR DEATH RATE IN THE SEVEN COUNTRIES STUDY

          B. S. DJORDJEVIC, A. DONTAS, Flaminio Fidanza … (1986)
          In 15 cohorts of the Seven Countries Study, comprising 11,579 men aged 40-59 years and "healthy" at entry, 2,288 died in 15 years. Death rates differed among cohorts. Differences in mean age, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and smoking habits "explained" 46% of variance in death rate from all causes, 80% from coronary heart disease, 35% from cancer, and 45% from stroke. Death rate differences were unrelated to cohort differences in mean relative body weight, fatness, and physical activity. The cohorts differed in average diets. Death rates were related positively to average percentage of dietary energy from saturated fatty acids, negatively to dietary energy percentage from monounsaturated fatty acids, and were unrelated to dietary energy percentage from polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and alcohol. All death rates were negatively related to the ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids. Inclusion of that ratio with age, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and smoking habits as independent variables accounted for 85% of variance in rates of deaths from all causes, 96% coronary heart disease, 55% cancer, and 66% stroke. Oleic acid accounted for almost all differences in monounsaturates among cohorts. All-cause and coronary heart disease death rates were low in cohorts with olive oil as the main fat. Causal relationships are not claimed but consideration of characteristics of populations as well as of individuals within populations is urged in evaluating risks.
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            ABCG1 has a critical role in mediating cholesterol efflux to HDL and preventing cellular lipid accumulation.

            Omar L. Francone, Anne Kennedy, Angel Baldán … (2005)
            Here we demonstrate that the ABC transporter ABCG1 plays a critical role in lipid homeostasis by controlling both tissue lipid levels and the efflux of cellular cholesterol to HDL. Targeted disruption of Abcg1 in mice has no effect on plasma lipids but results in massive accumulation of both neutral lipids and phospholipids in hepatocytes and in macrophages within multiple tissues following administration of a high-fat and -cholesterol diet. In contrast, overexpression of human ABCG1 protects murine tissues from dietary fat-induced lipid accumulation. Finally, we show that cholesterol efflux to HDL specifically requires ABCG1, whereas efflux to apoA1 requires ABCA1. These studies identify Abcg1 as a key gene involved in both cholesterol efflux to HDL and in tissue lipid homeostasis.
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              Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on Cardiovascular Risk Factors

              Ramón Estruch (2006)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ECAM
                Title: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM
                Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
                ISSN (Print): 1741-427X
                ISSN (Electronic): 1741-4288
                Publication date (Print): 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 1 October 2015
                Publication date PMC-release: 1 October 2015
                Volume: 2015
                Electronic Location Identifier: 208062
                Affiliations
                1Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
                2Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, BP 592, 23000 Beni Mellal, Morocco
                Author notes
                *Abdelouahed Khalil: a.khalil@ 123456usherbrooke.ca

                Academic Editor: Da-zhuo Shi

                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2015/208062
                PMC ID: 4606102
                PubMed ID: 26495005
                SO-VID: 1932901c-92f7-4ab7-83a7-a79c286494be
                Copyright © Copyright © 2015 Hicham Berrougui et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 11 May 2015
                Date revision received : 27 June 2015
                Date accepted : 2 July 2015
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine

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