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      Morphological Effect of the New Antifungal Agent ME1111 on Hyphal Growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Determined by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy

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          ABSTRACT

          The effects of ME1111, a novel antifungal agent, on the hyphal morphology and ultrastructure of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were investigated by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Structural changes, such as pit formation and/or depression of the cell surface, and degeneration of intracellular organelles and plasmolysis were observed after treatment with ME1111. Our results suggest that the inhibition of energy production by ME1111 affects the integrity and function of cellular membranes, leading to fungal cell death.

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          Function and structure of complex II of the respiratory chain.

          Gary Cecchini (2002)
          Complex II is the only membrane-bound component of the Krebs cycle and in addition functions as a member of the electron transport chain in mitochondria and in many bacteria. A recent X-ray structural solution of members of the complex II family of proteins has provided important insights into their function. One feature of the complex II structures is a linear electron transport chain that extends from the flavin and iron-sulfur redox cofactors in the membrane extrinsic domain to the quinone and b heme cofactors in the membrane domain. Exciting recent developments in relation to disease in humans and the formation of reactive oxygen species by complex II point to its overall importance in cellular physiology.
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            Succinate: quinone oxidoreductases

            Cecilia Hägerhäll (1997)
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              Mechanism of action of efinaconazole, a novel triazole antifungal agent.

              Yoshiyuki TATSUMI, Maria Nagashima, Toshiyuki Shibanushi … (2013)
              The mechanism of action of efinaconazole, a new triazole antifungal, was investigated with Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans. Efinaconazole dose-dependently decreased ergosterol production and accumulated 4,4-dimethylsterols and 4α-methylsterols at concentrations below its MICs. Efinaconazole induced morphological and ultrastructural changes in T. mentagrophytes hyphae that became more prominent with increasing drug concentrations. In conclusion, the primary mechanism of action of efinaconazole is blockage of ergosterol biosynthesis, presumably through sterol 14α-demethylase inhibition, leading to secondary degenerative changes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
                Abbreviated Title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
                Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
                ISSN (Print): 0066-4804
                ISSN (Electronic): 1098-6596
                Publication date Created: January 2017
                Publication date Other: October 31 2016
                Publication date (Electronic): December 27 2016
                Publication date (Print): January 2017
                Volume: 61
                Issue: 1
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Teikyo University Institute of Medical Mycology, Tokyo, Japan
                [2 ] Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
                Article
                DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01195-16
                PMC ID: 5192111
                PubMed ID: 27799213
                SO-VID: 18c45306-c903-4891-848a-1d6218288f00
                Copyright © © 2017
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