28
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The impact of income and education on lung cancer screening utilization, eligibility, and outcomes: a narrative review of socioeconomic disparities in lung cancer screening

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the US and worldwide. In particular, vulnerable populations such as those of low socioeconomic status (SES) are at the highest risk for and suffer the highest mortality from NSCLC. Although lung cancer screening (LCS) has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool to lower NSCLC mortality, it is underutilized by eligible smokers, and disparities in screening are likely to contribute to inequities in NSCLC outcomes. It is imperative that we collect and analyze LCS data focused on individuals of low socioeconomic position to identify and address barriers to LCS utilization and help close the gaps in NSCLC mortality along socioeconomic lines. Toward this end, this review aims to examine published studies that have evaluated the impact of income and education on LCS utilization, eligibility, and outcomes. We searched the PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and CINAHL Plus databases for all studies published from January 1, 2010, to October 21, 2020, that discussed socioeconomic-based LCS outcomes. The review reveals that income and education have impact on LCS utilization, eligibility, false positive rates and smoking cessation attempts; however, there is a lack of studies evaluating the impact of SES on LCS follow-up, stage at diagnosis, and treatment. We recommend the intentional inclusion of lower SES participants in LCS studies in order to clarify appropriate eligibility criteria, risk-based metrics and outcomes in this high-risk group. We also anticipate that low SES smokers and their providers will require increased support and education regarding smoking cessation and shared decision-making efforts.

          Related collections

          Most cited references69

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Reduced Lung-Cancer Mortality with Volume CT Screening in a Randomized Trial

          There are limited data from randomized trials regarding whether volume-based, low-dose computed tomographic (CT) screening can reduce lung-cancer mortality among male former and current smokers.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Socioeconomic Disparities in Health Behaviors.

            The inverse relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and unhealthy behaviors such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition have been well demonstrated empirically but encompass diverse underlying causal mechanisms. These mechanisms have special theoretical importance because disparities in health behaviors, unlike disparities in many other components of health, involve something more than the ability to use income to purchase good health. Based on a review of broad literatures in sociology, economics, and public health, we classify explanations of higher smoking, lower exercise, poorer diet, and excess weight among low-SES persons into nine broad groups that specify related but conceptually distinct mechanisms. The lack of clear support for any one explanation suggests that the literature on SES disparities in health and health behaviors can do more to design studies that better test for the importance of the varied mechanisms.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Cancer statistics, 2012.

              Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 1,638,910 new cancer cases and 577,190 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2012. During the most recent 5 years for which there are data (2004-2008), overall cancer incidence rates declined slightly in men (by 0.6% per year) and were stable in women, while cancer death rates decreased by 1.8% per year in men and by 1.6% per year in women. Over the past 10 years of available data (1999-2008), cancer death rates have declined by more than 1% per year in men and women of every racial/ethnic group with the exception of American Indians/Alaska Natives, among whom rates have remained stable. The most rapid declines in death rates occurred among African American and Hispanic men (2.4% and 2.3% per year, respectively). Death rates continue to decline for all 4 major cancer sites (lung, colorectum, breast, and prostate), with lung cancer accounting for almost 40% of the total decline in men and breast cancer accounting for 34% of the total decline in women. The reduction in overall cancer death rates since 1990 in men and 1991 in women translates to the avoidance of about 1,024,400 deaths from cancer. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population, with an emphasis on those groups in the lowest socioeconomic bracket. Copyright © 2012 American Cancer Society, Inc.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Thorac Dis
                J Thorac Dis
                JTD
                Journal of Thoracic Disease
                AME Publishing Company
                2072-1439
                2077-6624
                June 2021
                June 2021
                : 13
                : 6
                : 3745-3757
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Surgery, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte , CA, USA, ;
                [2 ]Department of Populations Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte , CA, USA, ;
                [3 ]Library Services, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte , CA, USA,
                Author notes

                Contributions: (I) Conception and design: All authors; (II) Administrative support: S Castro, E Sosa, V Lozano, A Akhtar, L Erhunmwunsee; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: S Castro, E Sosa, V Lozano, A Akhtar, L Erhunmwunsee; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: K Love, J Duffels; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: S Castro, E Sosa, V Lozano, A Akhtar, L Erhunmwunsee; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.

                Correspondence to: Loretta Erhunmwunsee, MD, FACS. City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte CA 91010, USA. Email: LorettaE@ 123456coh.org .
                Article
                jtd-13-06-3745
                10.21037/jtd-20-3281
                8264678
                34277066
                17f657e1-bbe7-402d-a634-ec12f55cceb1
                2021 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.

                Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

                History
                : 17 November 2020
                : 04 March 2021
                Categories
                Review Article on Socioeconomic Disparities in the Treatment of Thoracic Malignancies

                socioeconomic disparities,lung cancer screening (lcs),income,education

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content246

                Cited by22

                Most referenced authors990