Associations of Serum Vitamin D With Dental Caries and Periodontitis: The HUNT Study

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Abstract

Objective

To study the relationships of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with dental caries and periodontitis in a general Norwegian adult population.

Methods

We analysed a subsample of 1605 participants from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in Norway that had serum 25(OH)D levels measured in HUNT3 (2006-08) and oral health assessed in the HUNT4 Oral Health Study (2017-19). Negative binomial and Poisson regression models were used to estimate the ratios of means (RMs; for count oral outcomes) and prevalence ratios (PRs; for dichotomous oral outcomes).

Results

Serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with the number of decayed teeth in a dose-response gradient (<30.0 nmol/L: RM 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.85; 30.0-49.9 nmol/L: 1.14, 0.98-1.32 and ≥75.0 nmol/L: 0.84, 0.67-1.04, as compared to the 50.0-74.9 nmol/L group, P for trend <.001). Each 25 nmol/L decrease in 25(OH)D level was associated with a 15% (RM 1.15, 95% CI 1.05-1.26) increase in the mean number of decayed teeth. Serum 25(OH)D <30.0 nmol/L was associated with a 35% higher prevalence of severe periodontitis (PR 1.35, 95% CI 1.00-1.83). No association was observed between 25(OH)D and the number of natural teeth.

Conclusion

The present study suggested that serum 25(OH)D level had an inverse and dose-response association with the number of decayed teeth, and serum 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L was associated with a higher prevalence of severe periodontitis in this Norwegian adult population.

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Most cited references 60

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Oral diseases: a global public health challenge

Marco A. Peres, Lorna M D Macpherson, Robert J. Weyant … (2019)

Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases globally and have serious health and economic burdens, greatly reducing quality of life for those affected. The most prevalent and consequential oral diseases globally are dental caries (tooth decay), periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cancers of the lips and oral cavity. In this first of two papers in a Series on oral health, we describe the scope of the global oral disease epidemic, its origins in terms of social and commercial determinants, and its costs in terms of population wellbeing and societal impact. Although oral diseases are largely preventable, they persist with high prevalence, reflecting widespread social and economic inequalities and inadequate funding for prevention and treatment, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). As with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), oral conditions are chronic and strongly socially patterned. Children living in poverty, socially marginalised groups, and older people are the most affected by oral diseases, and have poor access to dental care. In many LMICs, oral diseases remain largely untreated because the treatment costs exceed available resources. The personal consequences of chronic untreated oral diseases are often severe and can include unremitting pain, sepsis, reduced quality of life, lost school days, disruption to family life, and decreased work productivity. The costs of treating oral diseases impose large economic burdens to families and health-care systems. Oral diseases are undoubtedly a global public health problem, with particular concern over their rising prevalence in many LMICs linked to wider social, economic, and commercial changes. By describing the extent and consequences of oral diseases, their social and commercial determinants, and their ongoing neglect in global health policy, we aim to highlight the urgent need to address oral diseases among other NCDs as a global health priority.

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Periodontitis: a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis.

Richard Darveau (2010)

Periodontitis, or gum disease, affects millions of people each year. Although it is associated with a defined microbial composition found on the surface of the tooth and tooth root, the contribution of bacteria to disease progression is poorly understood. Commensal bacteria probably induce a protective response that prevents the host from developing disease. However, several bacterial species found in plaque (the 'red-complex' bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola) use various mechanisms to interfere with host defence mechanisms. Furthermore, disease may result from 'community-based' attack on the host. Here, I describe the interaction of the host immune system with the oral bacteria in healthy states and in diseased states.

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Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

E Bernabé, W Marcenes, C.R. Hernandez … (2020)

Government and nongovernmental organizations need national and global estimates on the descriptive epidemiology of common oral conditions for policy planning and evaluation. The aim of this component of the Global Burden of Disease study was to produce estimates on prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability for oral conditions from 1990 to 2017 by sex, age, and countries. In addition, this study reports the global socioeconomic pattern in burden of oral conditions by the standard World Bank classification of economies as well as the Global Burden of Disease Socio-demographic Index. The findings show that oral conditions remain a substantial population health challenge. Globally, there were 3.5 billion cases (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI], 3.2 to 3.7 billion) of oral conditions, of which 2.3 billion (95% UI, 2.1 to 2.5 billion) had untreated caries in permanent teeth, 796 million (95% UI, 671 to 930 million) had severe periodontitis, 532 million (95% UI, 443 to 622 million) had untreated caries in deciduous teeth, 267 million (95% UI, 235 to 300 million) had total tooth loss, and 139 million (95% UI, 133 to 146 million) had other oral conditions in 2017. Several patterns emerged when the World Bank’s classification of economies and the Socio-demographic Index were used as indicators of economic development. In general, more economically developed countries have the lowest burden of untreated dental caries and severe periodontitis and the highest burden of total tooth loss. The findings offer an opportunity for policy makers to identify successful oral health strategies and strengthen them; introduce and monitor different approaches where oral diseases are increasing; plan integration of oral health in the agenda for prevention of noncommunicable diseases; and estimate the cost of providing universal coverage for dental care.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Ernest Obeng Asante

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int Dent J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int Dent J

Title: International Dental Journal

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN (Print): 0020-6539

ISSN (Electronic): 1875-595X

Publication date PMC-release: 01 April 2024

Publication date Collection: June 2024

Publication date (Electronic): 01 April 2024

Volume: 74

Issue: 3

Pages: 500-509

Affiliations

[a ]Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway

[b ]Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

[c ]School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

[d ]Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

[e ]Department of Geriatrics, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

[f ]HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway

[g ]Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway

[h ]Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

[i ]Department of Pathology, Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

Author notes

[* ] Corresponding author. Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway. ernas@ 123456tkmidt.no ernesoa@ 123456stud.ntnu.no

Article

Publisher Item ID: S0020-6539(24)00089-3

DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.005

PMC ID: 11123562

PubMed ID: 38565436

SO-VID: 17dfa505-76d6-448c-98eb-3820c11ae46b

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Associations of Serum Vitamin D With Dental Caries and Periodontitis: The HUNT Study

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Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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International Journal of Management Studies

Most cited references 60

Oral diseases: a global public health challenge

Periodontitis: a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis.

Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

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