The expanding role of Neuropilin: regulation of vascular TGFβ and PDGF signaling

Abstract

Purpose of review

Long recognized for its role in regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, neuropilin (Nrp)1 has emerged as a modulator of additional signaling pathways critical for vascular development and function. Here we review two novel functions of Nrp1 in blood vessels: regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)β signaling in endothelial cells and regulation of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Recent findings

Novel mouse models demonstrate that Nrp1 fulfills vascular functions independent of endothelial VEGF signaling. These include modulation of TGFβ –dependent inhibition of endothelial sprouting during developmental angiogenesis and PDGF signaling in VSMCs during development and disease.

Summary

Broadening our understanding of how and where Nrp1 functions in the vasculature is critical for the development of targeted therapeutics for cancer and vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and retinopathies.