Article Information
Group Information: The DOAC-IVT Writing Group authors appear at the end of the article, and members of
the International DOAC-IVT, TRISP, and CRCS-K-NIH Collaboration appear in Supplement
2.
Accepted for Publication: October 21, 2022.
Published Online: January 3, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.4782
Correction: This article was corrected on February 6, 2023, to fix the spelling of Shinichi Wada’s
name, add the middle initial to Espen S. Kristoffersen’s name, correct the affiliations
of Macha and Kallmünzer as well as Salerno and Michel, and correct the number of patients
in the vitamin K antagonists row in Table 1.
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
CC-BY License. © 2023 Meinel TR et al.
JAMA Neurology.
Corresponding Author: David J. Seiffge, MD, Stroke Research Center Bern, Department of Neurology, Inselspital,
Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
(
david.seiffge@
123456insel.ch
).
The DOAC-IVT Writing Group: Georg Kägi, MD; Stefan Engelter, MD; Christian H. Nolte, MD; Bernd Kallmünzer, MD;
Patrik Michel, MD; Timothy J. Kleinig, PhD; John Fink, MD; Ole Morten Rønning, MD,
PhD; Bruce Campbell, PhD; Paul J. Nederkoorn, MD; Götz Thomalla, MD; Takenobu Kunieda,
MD; Khouloud Poli, MD; Yannick Béjot, MD; Yannie Soo, MD; Carlos Garcia-Esperon, MD;
Georges Ntaios, MD; Charlotte Cordonnier, MD; João Pedro Marto, MD; Guido Bigliardi,
MD; François Lun, MD; Philip M. C. Choi, MD; Thorsten Steiner, MD, MME; Xavier Ustrell,
MD; David Werring, PhD; Susanne Wegener, MD; Alessandro Pezzini, MD; Houwei Du, MD;
Joan Martí-Fàbregas, MD; David Cánovas-Vergé, MD; Daniel Strbian, MD; Visnja Padjen,
MD; Shadi Yaghi, MD; Christoph Stretz, MD; Joon-Tae Kim, MD.
Affiliations of The DOAC-IVT Writing Group: Stroke Research Center Bern, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University
Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland (Kägi); Stroke Center, Department of Neurology,
University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Engelter); Neurology and Neurorehabilitation,
University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland (Engelter); Department of Neurology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin
Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Nolte); Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin
Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Nolte); Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen,
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (Kallmünzer);
Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University
Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Michel); Department of
Neurology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia (Kleinig); Department of Neurology,
Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway (Rønning); Department of Medicine
and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University
of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Campbell); Klinik und Poliklinik Für Neurologie,
Kopf, und Neurozentrum, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Thomalla);
Department of Neurology Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan (Kunieda); Department
of Neurology and Stroke, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (Poli); Hertie-Institute
for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (Poli); Department
of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital, St Gallen, Switzerland (Kägi); Berlin Institute of
Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Nolte); German Center
for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Nolte); German Center
for Neurodegenerative Diseases Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Nolte); Department
of Neurology, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand (Fink);
Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
the Netherlands (Nederkoorn); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dijon,
Dijon, France (Béjot); Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region, China (Soo); John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia (Garcia-Esperon);
Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia (Garcia-Esperon);
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University
of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece (Ntaios); Lille Neuroscience and Cognition Research Center,
INSERM, CHU Lille, Lille, France (Cordonnier); Department of Neurology, Hospital de
Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal (Marto); Department
of Neurology, University Hospital Modena, Modena, Italy (Bigliardi); Department of
Neurology, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Paris, France
(Lun); Department of Neuroscience, Eastern Health, Eastern Health Clinical School,
Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (Choi); Department of Neurology, Klinikum
Frankfurt Höchst, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (Steiner); Department of Neurology, Universität
Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (Steiner); Stroke Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital
Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain (Ustrell); Stroke Research Centre, UCL Queen
Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom (Werring);
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland (Wegener); Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology
Clinic, University of Brescia, Neurology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
(Pezzini); Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou,
China (Du); Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
(Du); Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Institute of Biomedical Research Sant
Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (Martí-Fàbregas); Neurology
Department, Hospital Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain (Cánovas-Vergé); Department of Neurology,
Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (Strbian);
Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade,
Belgrade, Serbia (Padjen); Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School
of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (Yaghi, Stretz); Department of Neurology,
Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea (Kim).
Author Contributions: Drs Meinel and Seiffge had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility
for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Drs Meinel and
Wilson are co–first authors. Drs Wu, Purrucker, and Seiffge are co–last authors.
Study concept and design: Meinel, Wilson, Kimura, Fink, Kristoffersen, Choi, Strbian, Padjen, Engelter, Wu,
Purrucker, Seiffge.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Meinel, Wilson, Gensicke, Scheitz, Nolte, Ringleb, Goganau, Kaesmacher, Bae, D.
Kim, Kermer, Suzuki, Kallmünzer, Macha, Koga, Wada, Altersberger, Michel, Salerno,
Kleinig, Palanikumar, Fink, Kägi, Zini, Forlivesi, Kellert, Wischmann, Kristoffersen,
Rønning, Campbell, Beharry, Nederkoorn, Barber, Hong, Cereda, Thomalla, Schlemm, Yakushiji,
Kunieda, S. Poli, K. Poli, Leker, Romoli, Zedde, Curtze, Ikenberg, Béjot, Soo, Garcia-Esperon,
Ntaios, Cordonnier, Marto, Bigliardi, Lun, Uphaus, Steiner, Ustrell, Werring, Wegener,
Pezzini, Du, Giannandrea, Portela, Martí-Fàbregas, Cánovas-Vergé, Veltkamp, Strbian,
Ranta, Arnold, Fischer, Yaghi, Stretz, Cha, J. Kim, Wu, Seiffge.
Drafting of the manuscript: Meinel, Wilson, Kimura, Wada, Palanikumar, K. Poli, Choi, Wu, Purrucker, Seiffge.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Wilson, Gensicke, Scheitz, Nolte, Ringleb, Goganau, Kaesmacher, Bae, D. Kim, Kermer,
Suzuki, Kallmünzer, Macha, Koga, Altersberger, Michel, Salerno, Kleinig, Fink, Kägi,
Zini, Forlivesi, Kellert, Wischmann, Kristoffersen, Rønning, Campbell, Beharry, Nederkoorn,
Barber, Hong, Cereda, Thomalla, Schlemm, Yakushiji, Kunieda, S. Poli, Leker, Romoli,
Zedde, Curtze, Ikenberg, Béjot, Soo, Garcia-Esperon, Ntaios, Cordonnier, Marto, Bigliardi,
Lun, Uphaus, Steiner, Ustrell, Werring, Wegener, Pezzini, Du, Giannandrea, Portela,
Martí-Fàbregas, Cánovas-Vergé, Veltkamp, Strbian, Ranta, Arnold, Fischer, Padjen,
Yaghi, Stretz, Cha, J. Kim, Engelter, Wu, Purrucker, Seiffge.
Statistical analysis: Meinel, Wilson, Wada, Wu, Seiffge.
Obtained funding: Meinel, Strbian, Wu, Seiffge.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Meinel, Gensicke, Nolte, Bae, D. Kim, Suzuki, Kimura, Kallmünzer, Palanikumar, Kristoffersen,
Rønning, Beharry, Thomalla, Kunieda, Leker, Ikenberg, Béjot, Garcia-Esperon, Cordonnier,
Lun, Choi, Uphaus, Ustrell, Wegener, Giannandrea, Portela, Strbian, Ranta, Wu, Purrucker,
Seiffge.
Study supervision: Meinel, Nolte, D. Kim, Koga, Michel, Kleinig, Kägi, Kellert, Cereda, Yakushiji,
Cordonnier, Bigliardi, Ustrell, Martí-Fàbregas, Strbian, Arnold, Padjen, J. Kim, Engelter,
Wu, Purrucker, Seiffge.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Meinel reported grants from Bangerter-Rhyner Foundation during the conduct of
the study. Dr Gensicke reported personal fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb/Pfizer,
and AbbVie and grants from Swiss National Science Foundation outside the submitted
work. Dr Scheitz reported personal fees from AstraZeneca outside the submitted work.
Dr Nolte reported grants from the German Ministry of Research and Education, German
Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and German Center for Cardiovascular Research
as well as personal fees from Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Alexion, Bayer Pharma,
Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, and Pfizer Pharma outside the submitted work.
Dr Ringleb reported personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Pfizer, and Daiichi
Sankyo outside the submitted work. Dr Kaesmacher reported grants from Swiss National
Science Foundation, Inselspital, Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences, and Swiss Stroke
Society outside the submitted work. Dr Bae reported grants from AstraZeneca, AstraZeneca
Korea, Bayer Korea, Boehringer Ingelheim Korea, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chong Gun Dang
Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Dong-A ST, GNT Pharma, Jeil Pharmaceutical, Korean
Drug Co, Samjin Pharm, Shinpoong Pharm Co, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Korea, and Yuhan
Corporation as well as personal fees from Amgen Korea, Hanmi Pharmaceutical, Otsuka
Korea, SK Chemicals, and Viatris Korea outside the submitted work. Dr Kermer reported
personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, and Bristol Myers
Squibb outside the submitted work. Dr Kimura reported personal fees from Bristol Myers
Squibb, Bayer Healthcare, and Daiichi Sankyo, grants from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim,
Daiichi Sankyo, and Pfizer Japan during the conduct of the study, and grants from
Medtronic and Teijin Pharma outside the submitted work. Dr Kallmuenzer reported personal
fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Medtronic outside
the submitted work. Dr Koga reported personal fees from Daiichi Sankyo as well as
grants from Daiichi Sankyo, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, and Shionogi outside the
submitted work. Dr Michel reported grants from Swiss Heart Foundation and Swiss National
Science Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Kleinig reported nonfinancial support
from Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work. Dr Zini reported personal fees
from Boehringer Ingelheim, Alexion, and CLS Behring as well as grants from Italian
Health Ministry. Dr Kellert reported grants from Boehringer Ingelheim as well as personal
fees from Alexion, Bayer Vital, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi
Sankyo, Pfizer, and AstraZeneca outside the submitted work. Dr Barber reported personal
fees from Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work. Dr Thomalla reported personal
fees from Acandis, Alexion, Amarin, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb/Pfizer,
Daiichi Sankyo, Stryker, and Portola outside the submitted work. Dr S. Poli reported
grants from Bristol Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, European Union, German Federal
Joint Committee Innovation Fund, and German Federal Ministry of Education and Research;
nonfinancial support from Boehringer Ingelheim, Helena Laboratories, and Werfen; and
personal fees from Alexion, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers
Squibb/Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, Portola, and Werfen outside the submitted work. Dr
Béjot reported personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer,
Amgen, Servier, Medtronic, and Novo Nordisk outside the submitted work. Dr Garcia-Esperon
reported personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and Bayer. Dr Cordonnier reported
grants from French Ministry of Health and personal fees from Bristol Myers Squibb
outside the submitted work. Dr Uphaus reported personal fees from Merck Serono, Pfizer,
and Bristol Myers Squibb as well as grants from Else Kröner-Fresenius Stiftung and
the German Research Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Steiner has received
personal fees from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca/Alexion, Daiichi Sankyo,
and Pfizer. Dr Werring reported personal fees from Bayer, Novo Nordisk, and Alexion
outside the submitted work. Dr Wegener reported grants from Swiss National Science
Foundation, UZH Clinical Research Priority Program Stroke, and Baugarten Foundation
during the conduct of the study; grants from Zurich Neuroscience Center; and personal
fees from Amgen, Springer, Teva Pharma, Bayer, and Novartis outside the submitted
work. Dr Martí-Fàbregas reported personal fees from Pfizer and Daichii Sankyo outside
the submitted work. Dr Veltkamp reported grants from the NIHR Imperial Biomedical
Research Centre, European Union Horizon 2020, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Daiichi
Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Medtronic, and Biogen as well as personal fees
from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daichi
Sankyo, Portola, Biogen, Medtronic, Morphosys, and Amgen outside the submitted work.
Dr Strbian reported grants from Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr Ranta reported grants from
Health Research Council of New Zealand and Whatu Ora Health NZ outside the submitted
work. Dr Arnold reported AstraZeneca, Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol
Myers Squibb, Covidien, Daiichi Sankyo, Medtronic, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Novartis as
well as grants from Swiss Heart Foundation and Swiss National Science Foundation outside
the submitted work. Dr Fischer reported grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation,
Swiss Heart Foundation, and Medtronic as well as personal fees from CSL Behring, Boehringer
Ingelheim, Medtronic, Styker, and Portola/Alexion outside the submitted work. Dr Padjen
reported grants from Pfizer, Stago, Daiichi Sankyo, University Hospital Basel, University
Hospital for Geratric Medicine Felix Platter, Swiss Heart Foundation, and Swiss National
Science Foundation; personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Medtronic, Bayer,
Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, and MindMaze outside the submitted work; and
serves on the editorial board of
Stroke. Dr Engelter reported grants from Daiichi Sankyo outside the submitted work. Dr Purrucker
reported personal fees from Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Akcea, Abbott, Daiichi Sankyo,
and Bayer outside the submitted work. Dr Seiffge reported grants from Bangerter Rhyner
Foundation during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Bayer, Alexion, and
VarmX outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: The study was supported by a grant from the
Bangerter-Rhyner Foundation.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management,
analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the
manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Group Information: Members of the International DOAC-IVT, TRISP, and CRCS-K-NIH Collaboration appear
in
Supplement 2.
Additional Contributions: English language and editing support was provided by Susan Kaplan, MSc, University
Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland. She was not compensated for her contribution.
