Emphysematous Gastritis Associated with  Sarcina ventriculi

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Abstract

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare and lethal gastrointestinal emergency if not promptly identified and managed. In rare cases, emphysematous gastritis is associated with Sarcina ventriculi infection, usually in patients with delayed gastric emptying. Here we report a lethal case of S. ventriculi-associated emphysematous gastritis in the absence of delayed gastric emptying in which the diagnosis was confirmed postmortem. This case provides an opportunity to review the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management of emphysematous gastritis so that the condition can be promptly diagnosed and managed to prevent significant morbidity and mortality.

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Emphysematous gastritis and gastric emphysema: similar radiographic findings, distinct clinical entities.

Kazuhide Matsushima, Eugene Won, Matthew R Tangel … (2015)

Despite similar appearances on imaging studies, emphysematous gastritis (EG) and gastric emphysema (GE) are rare clinical entities encountered in surgical practices. The purpose of this review is to clarify the presentation, natural history, and optimal treatment strategies for these two disorders.

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Influence of pH extremes on sporulation and ultrastructure of Sarcina ventriculi.

Andrea Lowe, J G Zeikus, H Pankratz (1989)

Distinct morphological changes in the ultrastructure of Sarcina ventriculi were observed when cells were grown in medium of constant composition at pH extremes of 3.0 and 8.0. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that at low pH (less than or equal to 3.0) the cells formed regular packets and cell division was uniform. When the pH was increased (to greater than or equal to 7.0), the cells became larger and cell division resulted in irregular cells that varied in shape and size. Sporulation occurred at high pH (i.e., greater than or equal to 8.0). The sporulation cycle followed the conventional sequence of development for refractile endospores, with the appearance of a cortex and multiple wall layers. The spores were resistant to oxygen, lysozyme, or heating at 90 degrees C for 15 min. Spores germinated within the pH range of 4.6 to 7.0.

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Emphysematous Gastritis Associated with Invasive Gastric Mucormycosis: A Case Report

Ji-Han Jung, Hyun Choi, Jinyoung Yoo … (2007)

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare form of phlegmonous gastritis, characterized by air in the wall of the stomach due to invasion by gas-forming microorganisms. The most commonly involved microorganisms are streptococci, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostrodium perfrigens and Staphylococcus aureus. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is another rare condition, which is most frequently occurs in the stomach. Because emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis is an extremely rare clinical condition and both are life-threatening diseases, early precise diagnosis and early treatment should be done to avoid mortality. Herein we present an extremely rare case of emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis. A 43-yr-old man, suffering from alcoholism and diabetes, has experienced diffuse abdominal pain for 4 days. Abdominal computed tomography scan demonstrated gas within the stomach wall. A histologic examination of the total gastrectomy specimen showed several gas-filled bubbles in the wall, along with numerous fungal hyphae throughout the necrotic stomach wall. He died of multiorgan failure secondary to disseminated mucormycosis, despite the intensive medical therapy.

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): CRG

Journal ID (pmc): CRG

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1662-0631

Title: Case Reports in Gastroenterology

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Electronic): 1662-0631

Publication date Subscription-year: 2019

Publication date Collection: January - April 2019

Publication date (Electronic): 12 April 2019

Volume: 13

Issue: 1

Pages: 207-213

Affiliations

Department of Internal Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center, Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York, USA

Author notes

*Kevin Singh, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center, Brooklyn, NY 11206 (USA), E-Mail singh.kevin@gmail.com

Author information

Kevin Singh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-2673

Article

Publisher ID: 499446 Pmcid ID: PMC6514519 Other ID: Case Rep Gastroenterol 2019;13:207–213

DOI: 10.1159/000499446

PMC ID: PMC6514519

PubMed ID: 31123448

SO-VID: 14f86a03-95a2-4238-8db8-4f7876a45766

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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

History

Date received : 14 February 2019

Date accepted : 05 March 2019

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Figures: 3, Pages: 7

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Emphysematous Gastritis Associated with Sarcina ventriculi

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Karger: Gastroenterology

Most cited references 16

Emphysematous gastritis and gastric emphysema: similar radiographic findings, distinct clinical entities.

Influence of pH extremes on sporulation and ultrastructure of Sarcina ventriculi.

Emphysematous Gastritis Associated with Invasive Gastric Mucormycosis: A Case Report

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