A microsporidian impairs  Plasmodium falciparum  transmission in  Anopheles arabiensis  mosquitoes

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

A possible malaria control approach involves the dissemination in mosquitoes of inherited symbiotic microbes to block Plasmodium transmission. However, in the Anopheles gambiae complex, the primary African vectors of malaria, there are limited reports of inherited symbionts that impair transmission. We show that a vertically transmitted microsporidian symbiont ( Microsporidia MB) in the An. gambiae complex can impair Plasmodium transmission. Microsporidia MB is present at moderate prevalence in geographically dispersed populations of An. arabiensis in Kenya, localized to the mosquito midgut and ovaries, and is not associated with significant reductions in adult host fecundity or survival. Field-collected Microsporidia MB infected An. arabiensis tested negative for P. falciparum gametocytes and, on experimental infection with P. falciparum, sporozoites aren’t detected in Microsporidia MB infected mosquitoes. As a microbe that impairs Plasmodium transmission that is non-virulent and vertically transmitted, Microsporidia MB could be investigated as a strategy to limit malaria transmission.

Abstract

Mircobial symbionts of mosquitoes can affect transmission of human pathogens. Here, Herren et al. identify a microsporidian symbiont in Anopheles gambiae that impairs transmission without affecting mosquito fecundity or survival.

Related collections

Most cited references 50

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Natural microbe-mediated refractoriness to Plasmodium infection in Anopheles gambiae.

Chris Cirimotich, Yuemei Dong, April Clayton … (2011)

Malaria parasite transmission depends on the successful transition of Plasmodium through discrete developmental stages in the lumen of the mosquito midgut. Like the human intestinal tract, the mosquito midgut contains a diverse microbial flora, which may compromise the ability of Plasmodium to establish infection. We have identified an Enterobacter bacterium isolated from wild mosquito populations in Zambia that renders the mosquito resistant to infection with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum by interfering with parasite development before invasion of the midgut epithelium. Phenotypic analyses showed that the anti-Plasmodium mechanism requires small populations of replicating bacteria and is mediated through a mosquito-independent interaction with the malaria parasite. We show that this anti-Plasmodium effect is largely caused by bacterial generation of reactive oxygen species.

0 comments Cited 257 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

Insertion polymorphisms of SINE200 retrotransposons within speciation islands of Anopheles gambiae molecular forms

Federica Santolamazza, Emiliano Mancini, Frédéric Simard … (2008)

Background SINEs (Short INterspersed Elements) are homoplasy-free and co-dominant genetic markers which are considered to represent useful tools for population genetic studies, and could help clarifying the speciation processes ongoing within the major malaria vector in Africa, Anopheles gambiae s.s. Here, we report the results of the analysis of the insertion polymorphism of a nearly 200 bp-long SINE (SINE200) within genome areas of high differentiation (i.e. "speciation islands") of M and S A. gambiae molecular forms. Methods A SINE-PCR approach was carried out on thirteen SINE200 insertions in M and S females collected along the whole range of distribution of A. gambiae s.s. in sub-Saharan Africa. Ten specimens each for Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles melas, Anopheles quadriannulatus A and 15 M/S hybrids from laboratory crosses were also analysed. Results Eight loci were successfully amplified and were found to be specific for A. gambiae s.s.: 5 on 2L chromosome and one on X chromosome resulted monomorphic, while two loci positioned respectively on 2R (i.e. S200 2R12D) and X (i.e. S200 X6.1) chromosomes were found to be polymorphic. S200 2R12D was homozygote for the insertion in most S-form samples, while intermediate levels of polymorphism were shown in M-form, resulting in an overall high degree of genetic differentiation between molecular forms (Fst = 0.46 p < 0.001) and within M-form (Fst = 0.46 p < 0.001). The insertion of S200 X6.1 was found to be fixed in all M- and absent in all S-specimens. This led to develop a novel easy-to-use PCR approach to straightforwardly identify A. gambiae molecular forms. This novel approach allows to overcome the constraints associated with markers on the rDNA region commonly used for M and S identification. In fact, it is based on a single copy and irreversible SINE200 insertion and, thus, is not subjected to peculiar evolutionary patterns affecting rDNA markers, e.g. incomplete homogenization of the arrays through concerted evolution and/or mixtures of M and S IGS-sequences among the arrays of single chromatids. Conclusion The approach utilized allowed to develop new easy-to-use co-dominant markers for the analysis of genetic differentiation between M and S-forms and opens new perspectives in the study of the speciation process ongoing within A. gambiae.

0 comments Cited 257 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: not found
Article: not found

Driving mosquito refractoriness toPlasmodium falciparumwith engineered symbiotic bacteria

Sibao Wang, André L. A. Dos-Santos, Wei Huang … (2017)

0 comments Cited 111 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Jeremy K. Herren:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-7275

jherren@icipe.org

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nat Commun

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nat Commun

Title: Nature Communications

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2041-1723

Publication date (Electronic): 4 May 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 4 May 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 11

Electronic Location Identifier: 2187

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1794 5158, GRID grid.419326.b, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), ; Kasarani, Nairobi Kenya

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0393 3981, GRID grid.301713.7, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, ; 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH UK

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2019 0495, GRID grid.10604.33, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CEBIB), , University of Nairobi, ; Nairobi, Kenya

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2019 0495, GRID grid.10604.33, Department of Biochemistry, , University of Nairobi, ; Nairobi, Kenya

[5 ]University of the Witwaterstrand, Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Johannesburg, South Africa

[6 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0606 5382, GRID grid.10306.34, Wellcome Sanger Institute, ; Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA UK

[7 ]Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology & Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya

Author information

Jeremy K. Herren http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-7275

Lilian Mbaisi http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-5417

Enock Mararo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1324-7825

Edward E. Makhulu http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3469-0332

Victor A. Mobegi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1962-5583

Hellen Butungi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1330-1545

Maria Vittoria Mancini http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2379

Joseph W. Oundo http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-3428

Evan T. Teal http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-0305

Silvain Pinaud http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9541-3611

Mara K. N. Lawniczak http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2080

Jordan Jabara http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-3542

Godfrey Nattoh http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-2477

Steven P. Sinkins http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-1832

Article

Publisher ID: 16121

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16121-y

PMC ID: 7198529

PubMed ID: 32366903

SO-VID: 13df4b8a-bf22-421f-a037-93e4d7ce31df

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 20 September 2019

Date accepted : 11 April 2020

Funding

Funded by: FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/100004440, Wellcome Trust (Wellcome);

Award ID: 107372

Award ID: 200274

Award Recipient : Jeremy K. Herren Enock Mararo

Funded by: FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000268, RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC);

Award ID: BB/R005338/1, sub-grant AV/PP015/1

Award Recipient : Jeremy K. Herren

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

Keywords: parasite biology,malaria,parasitic infection

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

Keywords: parasite biology, malaria, parasitic infection

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 43

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 1,059

See all reference authors

- Version 1

A microsporidian impairs Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes

Read this article at

Abstract

Abstract

Related collections

TKD - Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction

Most cited references 50

Natural microbe-mediated refractoriness to Plasmodium infection in Anopheles gambiae.

Insertion polymorphisms of SINE200 retrotransposons within speciation islands of Anopheles gambiae molecular forms

Driving mosquito refractoriness toPlasmodium falciparumwith engineered symbiotic bacteria

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author information

Article

History

Funding

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 713

Cited by 43

Most referenced authors 1,059