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      El área ecológica y la sección del brote de origen son claves para el enraizamiento de estacas de Berberis microphylla, un arbusto de la Patagonia con frutos comestibles Translated title: Propagation by stem cuttings of Berberis microphylla, a Patagonian shrub with edible fruits

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El calafate (Berberis microphylla) es un arbusto nativo de amplia distribución en Patagonia que produce frutos comestibles con excelentes propiedades nutracéuticas y antioxidantes. Hasta el momento, la propagación de esta especie, a partir de estacas, ha sido poco exitosa debido a su escaso potencial de enraizamiento, y esta condición restringe su utilización en sistemas productivos. En este estudio se evaluó esa técnica de multiplicación utilizando estacas obtenidas a fines de invierno de secciones basales, medias y distales de brotes semi-leñosos de B. microphylla. Se consideraron tres áreas ecológicas correspondientes a ambientes contrastantes, bosque húmedo, matorral y estepa, y se aplicaron cuatro tratamientos de concentración de ácido indol butírico (AIB), 0 ppm (0 %), 2.000 ppm (0,2 %), 5.000 ppm (0,5 %) y 8.000 ppm (0,8 %). Transcurridos noventa días en cama caliente en invernadero, la formación de raíces adventicias fue superior en las estacas derivadas del material procedente del bosque húmedo, y esta diferencia fue, en promedio, 40 % mayor para la sección basal que para las secciones media y apical. Los tratamientos con AIB no aumentaron el enraizamiento, aunque los valores más altos de peso y longitud de las raíces correspondieron a la mayor concentración de AIB, solo superados por el tratamiento control. Se concluye que la multiplicación de B. microphylla a través de estacas de tallo es posible, y que, tanto el área ecológica de procedencia de la planta madre como la sección del brote del que se obtiene una estaca, inciden de manera importante en el desarrollo de raíces adventicias.

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY Calafate (Berberis microphylla) is a native and widely distributed Patagonian shrub, which produces edible fruits with excellent antioxidant and nutraceutical properties. This study evaluates its multiplication by the rooting of stem cuttings, a widely used method in fruit species with little success so far in B. microphylla. This work was carried out using stakes prepared in late winter from the basal, middle and apical portions of the most recently developed semi-hardwood shoots. Three plant communities corresponding to contrasting environments were included (rainforest, shrubland and steppe), and four auxin (indole-butyric acid, IBA) concentrations were applied: 0 ppm (0 %), 2000 ppm (0.2 %), 5,000 ppm (0.5 %) and 8,000 ppm (0.8 %). After ninety days on a bottom-heated rooting-bed in a greenhouse, adventitious root formation was higher in cuttings derived from rainforest material. This difference was, on average, 40 % greater for the basal portions than for the middle and apical portions. The IBA treatments did not improve rooting, although the increase in root weight and length was recorded at the highest concentration as compared to the intermediate concentrations. It is concluded that the multiplication of B. microphylla by stem cuttings is possible, and that the geographical and topological stake origin are important factors for adventitious root development.

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          Most cited references25

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          Plant architecture: a dynamic, multilevel and comprehensive approach to plant form, structure and ontogeny.

          The architecture of a plant depends on the nature and relative arrangement of each of its parts; it is, at any given time, the expression of an equilibrium between endogenous growth processes and exogenous constraints exerted by the environment. The aim of architectural analysis is, by means of observation and sometimes experimentation, to identify and understand these endogenous processes and to separate them from the plasticity of their expression resulting from external influences. Using the identification of several morphological criteria and considering the plant as a whole, from germination to death, architectural analysis is essentially a detailed, multilevel, comprehensive and dynamic approach to plant development. Despite their recent origin, architectural concepts and analysis methods provide a powerful tool for studying plant form and ontogeny. Completed by precise morphological observations and appropriated quantitative methods of analysis, recent researches in this field have greatly increased our understanding of plant structure and development and have led to the establishment of a real conceptual and methodological framework for plant form and structure analysis and representation. This paper is a summarized update of current knowledge on plant architecture and morphology; its implication and possible role in various aspects of modern plant biology is also discussed.
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            Adventitious root formation in tree species: involvement of transcription factors.

            Adventitious rooting is an essential step in the vegetative propagation of economically important horticultural and woody species. Populus has emerged as an experimental model for studying processes that are important in tree growth and development. It is highly useful for molecular genetic analysis of adventitious roots in trees. In this short review, we will highlight the recent progress made in the identification of transcription factors involved in the control of adventitious rooting in woody species. Their regulation will be discussed. © 2014 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.
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              Influence of light and shoot development stage on leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate status during the adventitious root formation in cuttings of Corylus avellana L.

              Adventitious root formation in plant cuttings is influenced by many endogenous and environmental factors. Leaf photosynthesis during rooting of leafy cuttings in hard to root species can contribute to supply carbohydrates to the intensive metabolic processes related to adventious root formation. Light intensity during rooting is artificially kept low to decrease potential cutting desiccation, but can be limiting for photosynthetic activity. Furthermore, leafy cuttings collected from different part of the shoot can have a different ability to fuel adventitious root formation in cutting stem. The aim of this work was to determine the role of leaf photosynthesis on adventitious root formation in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L) (a hard-to-root specie) leafy cuttings and to investigate the possible influence of the shoot developmental stage on cutting rooting and survival in the post-rooting phase. Cutting rooting was closely related to carbohydrate content in cutting stems during the rooting process. Cutting carbohydrate status was positively influenced by leaf photosynthesis during rooting. Non-saturating light exposure of leafy cuttings can contribute to improve photosynthetic activity of leafy cuttings. Collection of cuttings from different part of the mother shoots influenced rooting percentage and this appear related to the different capability to concentrate soluble sugars in the cutting stem during rooting. Adventitious root formation depend on the carbohydrate accumulation at the base of the cutting. Mother shoot developmental stage and leaf photosynthesis appear pivotal factors for adventitious roots formation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bosque
                Bosque (Valdivia)
                Bosque (Valdivia)
                Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales (Valdivia, , Chile )
                0717-9200
                2022
                : 43
                : 3
                : 349-357
                Affiliations
                [3] San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro orgnameInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria orgdiv1Estación Experimental Bariloche Argentina
                [2] San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro orgnameConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural Argentina
                [1] San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Río Negro orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural Argentina
                Article
                S0717-92002022000300349 S0717-9200(22)04300300349
                10f82e77-4e5f-47f0-b63a-9a000aa08257

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 October 2022
                : 10 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICULOS

                calafate,plantas silvestres,non-timber products,barberry,wild plants,vegetative reproduction,diversification,reproducción vegetativa,diversificación,producto forestal no maderero

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