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      Permeability - impermeability: canopy trees as biodiversity filters Translated title: Permeabilidade - impermeabilidade: árvores do dossel como filtros da biodiversidade

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          Abstract

          Each tropical and subtropical forest canopy species may create specific microsite conditions below its crown, which works as a filter for those species that attempt to regenerate below it. In function of the permeability or impermeability level, each canopy species could partially determine a plant community structure and composition beneath its crown projection. Therefore, present and future forest plant community biodiversity could be partially determined by the present structure of the canopy tree species community (filter effect). Some theoretical and practical aftermaths are suggested.

          Translated abstract

          Cada espécie do dossel das florestas tropicais e subtropicais pode criar microsítios específicos sob sua copa, que funcionam como filtros para aquelas espécies que tentam regenerar sob elas. Em função da permeabilidade ou impermeabilidade, cada espécie do dossel poderia parcialmente determinar a composição e estrutura da comunidade de plantas sob a projeção da sua copa. Portanto a biodiversidade presente e futura da comunidade de plantas da floresta poderia ser parcialmente determinada pela estrutura atual da comunidade de árvores do dossel (efeito de filtro). Alguns desdobramentos teóricos e práticos deste novo enfoque são sugeridos.

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          Most cited references72

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          Mechanisms of Maintenance of Species Diversity

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            Light-Gap disturbances, recruitment limitation, and tree diversity in a neotropical forest

            Light gap disturbances have been postulated to play a major role in maintaining tree diversity in species-rich tropical forests. This hypothesis was tested in more than 1200 gaps in a tropical forest in Panama over a 13-year period. Gaps increased seedling establishment and sapling densities, but this effect was nonspecific and broad-spectrum, and species richness per stem was identical in gaps and in nongap control sites. Spatial and temporal variation in the gap disturbance regime did not explain variation in species richness. The species composition of gaps was unpredictable even for pioneer tree species. Strong recruitment limitation appears to decouple the gap disturbance regime from control of tree diversity in this tropical forest.
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              Plant diversity in tropical forests: a review of mechanisms of species coexistence

              Evidence concerning mechanisms hypothesized to explain species coexistence in hyper-diverse communities is reviewed for tropical forest plants. Three hypotheses receive strong support. Niche differences are evident from non-random spatial distributions along micro-topographic gradients and from a survivorship-growth tradeoff during regeneration. Host-specific pests reduce recruitment near reproductive adults (the Janzen-Connell effect), and, negative density dependence occurs over larger spatial scales among the more abundant species and may regulate their populations. A fourth hypothesis, that suppressed understory plants rarely come into competition with one another, has not been considered before and has profound implications for species coexistence. These hypotheses are mutually compatible. Infrequent competition among suppressed understory plants, niche differences, and Janzen-Connell effects may facilitate the coexistence of the many rare plant species found in tropical forests while negative density dependence regulates the few most successful and abundant species.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                sa
                Scientia Agricola
                Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)
                São Paulo - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (Piracicaba, SP, Brazil )
                1678-992X
                August 2007
                : 64
                : 4
                : 433-438
                Affiliations
                [02] Campinas SP orgnameUNICAMP orgdiv1IB orgdiv2Depto. de Botânica Brasil
                [01] Piracicaba SP orgnameUSP orgdiv1ESALQ orgdiv2Depto. de Ciências Biológicas Brasil
                Article
                S0103-90162007000400015 S0103-9016(07)06400415
                10.1590/S0103-90162007000400015
                10b3b0dd-5ce2-433e-afa2-8e5bc3ff2648

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 February 2007
                : 09 May 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
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                forest biodiversity,dinâmica de clareiras,gap dynamics,regeneração de árvores,ecological filters,dinâmica de florestas tropicais,tree regeneration,filtros ecológicos,tropical forest dynamics,biodiversidade florestal

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