Non-coding RNAs as Genetic Biomarkers for the Diagnosis, Prognosis, Radiosensitivity, and Histopathologic Grade of Meningioma

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Abstract

Meningioma is considered the most common primary benign brain tumor. It originates from the arachnoid cells of the leptomeninges surrounding the brain. The mainstay treatment of meningiomas is microsurgical resection. Meningioma prognosis depends on tumor grade, location, and patient age. Recently, using non-coding RNA as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for many tumors became a trend. Herein, we demonstrate the importance of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and lncRNAs in meningioma and their potential role in meningioma's early diagnosis, prognosis, histological grade, and radiosensitivity. In this review, many microRNAs were found to be upregulated in radioresistant meningioma cells such as microRNA-221, microRNA-222, microRNA-4286, microRNA-4695-5p, microRNA-6732-5p, microRNA-6855-5p, microRNA-7977, microRNA-6765-3p, and microRNA-6787-5p. Moreover, there are many microRNAs downregulated in radioresistant meningioma cells such as microRNA-1275, microRNA-30c-1-3p, microRNA-4449, microRNA-4539, microRNA-4684-3p, microRNA-6129, and microRNA-6891-5p. Also, we highlight the possible use of non-coding RNAs as serum non-invasive biomarkers and their potential role as therapeutic targets to treat high-grade meningiomas. Recent studies show that microRNA-497, microRNA-195, microRNA-18a, microRNA-197, and microRNA-224 are downregulated in the serum of patients with meningiomas. Additionally, microRNA-106a-5p, microRNA-219-5p, microRNA-375, and microRNA-409-3p are found to be upregulated in the serum of patients with meningioma. We also found that there are many deregulated microRNAs in meningioma cells that can be used as potential biomarkers for meningioma diagnosis, prognosis, and histopathologic grade, such as microRNA-17-5p, microRNA-199a, microRNA-190a, microRNA-186-5p, microRNA155-5p, microRNA-22-3p, microRNA-24-3p, microRNA-26-5p, microRNA-27a-3p, microRNA-27b-3p, microRNA-96-5p, microRNA-146a-5p, microRNA-29c-3p, microRNA-219-5p, microRNA-335, microRNA-200a, microRNA-21, microRNA-107, microRNA-224, microRNA-195, microRNA-34a-3p, and microRNA-let-7d. Of interest, we found fewer studies discussing deregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in meningioma cells. LncRNAs work as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by binding to oncogenic or anti-oncogenic microRNAs. We found that lncRNA- NUP210, lncRNA-SPIRE2, lncRNA-SLC7A1, lncRNA-DMTN, lncRNA-LINC00702, and lncRNA-LINC00460 are upregulated in meningioma cells. In contrast, lncRNA-MALAT1 was found to be downregulated in meningioma cells.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cureus

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cureus

Journal ID (issn): 2168-8184

Title: Cureus

Publisher: Cureus (Palo Alto (CA) )

ISSN (Electronic): 2168-8184

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 3 February 2023

Publication date (Electronic, collection): February 2023

Volume: 15

Issue: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: e34593

Affiliations

[1 ] Neurological Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA

Author notes

Akram M. Eraky aeraky@ 123456mcw.edu

Article

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34593

PMC ID: 9985895

PubMed ID: 36883085

SO-VID: 10adb20f-9779-4e2f-affd-a847563d238f

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date accepted : 3 February 2023

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