High‐performance and wide relative humidity passive evaporative cooling utilizing atmospheric water

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Abstract

Global warming and increased living standards have rapidly increased the demand for cooling systems. Meeting this demand in less economically developed areas is highly challenging due to a lack of electricity. In this paper, we have demonstrated a high‐performance and wide relative humidity (RH) solar‐driven evaporative cooling strategy that uses only atmospheric water. Developed here for the first time, we designed a metal–organic framework (MOF‐801) based composite with a high‐performance atmospheric water absorption across a wide range of RH. The as‐synthesized composite can adsorb atmospheric water up to ~22% (~80%) of its weight at an RH@28% (~70%). Our demonstration has shown that the corresponding cooling powers range from 136 to 344 W/m ² in a wide range of RH and solar intensities, and the passive cooling temperature is up to 14°C lower than the device's reference counterpart. Our study thus proposes a solar‐driven cooling coating with high cooling powers across a wide range of RH based on an as‐synthesized composite, which pinpoints a pathway to replace traditional compression‐based cooling systems (e.g., air conditioners) and which will also have a significant impact in future global energy consumption.

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Most cited references 46

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Water stability and adsorption in metal-organic frameworks.

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Water adsorption in MOFs: fundamentals and applications.

Jerome Canivet, Alexandra Fateeva, Youmin Guo … (2014)

This review article presents the fundamental and practical aspects of water adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). The state of the art of MOF stability in water, a crucial issue to many applications in which MOFs are promising candidates, is discussed here. Stability in both gaseous (such as humid gases) and aqueous media is considered. By considering a non-exhaustive yet representative set of MOFs, the different mechanisms of water adsorption in this class of materials are presented: reversible and continuous pore filling, irreversible and discontinuous pore filling through capillary condensation, and irreversibility arising from the flexibility and possible structural modifications of the host material. Water adsorption properties of more than 60 MOF samples are reported. The applications of MOFs as materials for heat-pumps and adsorbent-based chillers and proton conductors are also reviewed. Some directions for future work are suggested as concluding remarks.

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Water harvesting from air with metal-organic frameworks powered by natural sunlight.

Hyunho Kim, Sungwoo Yang, Sameer Rao … (2017)

Atmospheric water is a resource equivalent to ~10% of all fresh water in lakes on Earth. However, an efficient process for capturing and delivering water from air, especially at low humidity levels (down to 20%), has not been developed. We report the design and demonstration of a device based on a porous metal-organic framework {MOF-801, [Zr6O4(OH)4(fumarate)6]} that captures water from the atmosphere at ambient conditions by using low-grade heat from natural sunlight at a flux of less than 1 sun (1 kilowatt per square meter). This device is capable of harvesting 2.8 liters of water per kilogram of MOF daily at relative humidity levels as low as 20% and requires no additional input of energy.