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      Effects of noise-induced hearing loss on parvalbumin and perineuronal net expression in the mouse primary auditory cortex.

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          Abstract

          Noise induced hearing loss is associated with increased excitability in the central auditory system but the cellular correlates of such changes remain to be characterized. Here we tested the hypothesis that noise-induced hearing loss causes deterioration of perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the auditory cortex of mice. PNNs are specialized extracellular matrix components that commonly enwrap cortical parvalbumin (PV) containing GABAergic interneurons. Compared to somatosensory and visual cortex, relatively less is known about PV/PNN expression patterns in the primary auditory cortex (A1). Whether changes to cortical PNNs follow acoustic trauma remains unclear. The first aim of this study was to characterize PV/PNN expression in A1 of adult mice. PNNs increase excitability of PV+ inhibitory neurons and confer protection to these neurons against oxidative stress. Decreased PV/PNN expression may therefore lead to a reduction in cortical inhibition. The second aim of this study was to examine PV/PNN expression in superficial (I-IV) and deep cortical layers (V-VI) following noise trauma. Exposing mice to loud noise caused an increase in hearing threshold that lasted at least 30 days. PV and PNN expression in A1 was analyzed at 1, 10 and 30 days following the exposure. No significant changes were observed in the density of PV+, PNN+, or PV/PNN co-localized cells following hearing loss. However, a significant layer- and cell type-specific decrease in PNN intensity was seen following hearing loss. Some changes were present even at 1 day following noise exposure. Attenuation of PNN may contribute to changes in excitability in cortex following noise trauma. The regulation of PNN may open up a temporal window for altered excitability in the adult brain that is then stabilized at a new and potentially pathological level such as in tinnitus.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Hear. Res.
          Hearing research
          Elsevier BV
          1878-5891
          0378-5955
          Jul 2017
          : 350
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Bioengineering Program, University of California, Riverside, United States.
          [2 ] Psychology Department and Graduate Neuroscience Program, University of California, Riverside, United States.
          [3 ] Psychology Department and Graduate Neuroscience Program, University of California, Riverside, United States. Electronic address: khaleel@ucr.edu.
          Article
          S0378-5955(17)30002-3
          10.1016/j.heares.2017.04.015
          28460252
          0f104cdb-0d8d-4e7a-811d-456bf5820a6b
          History

          Auditory cortex,Perineuronal nets,Parvalbumin,Interneurons,Inhibition,Hearing loss,Extracellular matrix

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