For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
3
views
8
references
 Top references
cited by
9
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      452
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Trends in Ketamine Use, Exposures, and Seizures in the United States

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objectives. To determine whether there have been shifts in nonmedical ketamine use, poisonings (“exposures”), and seizures.

          Methods. We used generalized additive models to detect trends in past-year use (2006–2019), exposures (1991–2019), and seizures (2000–2019) involving ketamine in the United States.

          Results. There was a quarterly increase in self-reported past-year nonmedical ketamine use in 2006 to 2014 (Β = 0.21; P = .030) and an increase in 2015 to 2019 (Β = 0.29; P = .036), reaching a peak of 0.9% in late 2019. The rate of exposures increased from 1991 through 2019 (Β = 0.87; P = .006), and there was an increase to 1.1 exposures per 1 000 000 population in 2014, with rates remaining stable through 2019. The rate of ketamine seizures increased from 2000 through 2019 (Β = 2.27; P < .001), with seizures reaching a peak in 2019 at 3.2 per 1000 seizures.

          Conclusions. Indicators suggest that ketamine use and availability has increased, including before increased medical indications, but nonmedical use is still currently uncommon despite increased acceptance and media coverage. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 7, 2021:e1–e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306486 )

          Related collections

          Most cited references8

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          2019 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 37th Annual Report

          David D. Gummin, James B Mowry, Michael C. Beuhler … (2020)
          Introduction: This is the 37th Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of 1 January, 2019, all 55 of the nation's poison centers (PCs) uploaded case data automatically to NPDS. The upload interval was 6.52 [6.12, 8.68] (median [25%, 75%]) minutes, creating a near real-time national exposure and information database and surveillance system.Methods: We analyzed the case data tabulating specific indices from NPDS. The methodology was similar to that of previous years. Where changes were introduced, the differences are identified. Cases with medical outcomes of death were evaluated by a team of medical and clinical toxicologist reviewers using an ordinal scale of 1-6 to assess the Relative Contribution to Fatality (RCF) of the exposure.Results: In 2019, 2,573,180 closed encounters were logged by NPDS: 2,148,141 human exposures, 68,711 animal exposures, 351,163 information requests, 5,078 human confirmed nonexposures. Total encounters showed a 1.70% increase from 2018, while health care facility (HCF) human exposure cases remained nearly steady with a slight decrease of 0.495%. All information requests decreased by 4.58%, medication identification (Drug ID) requests decreased by 29.7%, and human exposure cases increased by 2.30%. Human exposures with less serious outcomes have decreased 2.08% per year since 2008, while those with more serious outcomes (moderate, major or death) have increased 4.61% per year since 2000.Consistent with the previous year, the top 5 substance classes most frequently involved in all human exposures were analgesics (11.0%), household cleaning substances (7.13%), cosmetics/personal care products (6.16%), antidepressants (5.32%), and sedatives/hypnotics/antipsychotics (5.21%). As a class, antidepressant exposures increased most rapidly, by 1,957 cases/year (3.90%/year) over the past 10 years for cases with more serious outcomes.The top 5 most common exposures in children age 5 years or less were cosmetics/personal care products (11.4%), household cleaning substances (10.5%), analgesics (8.97%), foreign bodies/toys/miscellaneous (7.17%), and dietary supplements/herbals/homeopathic (5.06%). Drug identification requests comprised 13.4% of all information contacts. NPDS documented 2,619 human exposures resulting in death; 2,048 (78.2%) of these were judged as related (RCF of 1-Undoubtedly responsible, 2-Probably responsible, or 3-Contributory).Conclusions: These data support the continued value of PC expertise and need for specialized medical toxicology information to manage more serious exposures. Unintentional and intentional exposures continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. The near real-time status of NPDS represents a national public health resource to collect and monitor US exposure cases and information contacts. The continuing mission of NPDS is to provide a nationwide infrastructure for surveillance for all types of exposures (e.g., foreign body, infectious, venomous, chemical agent, or commercial product), and the identification and tracking of significant public health events. NPDS is a model system for the near real-time surveillance of national and global public health.
          Article 0 comments Cited 80 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Changes in antidepressant use by young people and suicidal behavior after FDA warnings and media coverage: quasi-experimental study

            Christine Lu, Fang Zhang, Matthew D Lakoma … (2014)
            Objective To investigate if the widely publicized warnings in 2003 from the US Food and Drug Administration about a possible increased risk of suicidality with antidepressant use in young people were associated with changes in antidepressant use, suicide attempts, and completed suicides among young people. Design Quasi-experimental study assessing changes in outcomes after the warnings, controlling for pre-existing trends. Setting Automated healthcare claims data (2000-10) derived from the virtual data warehouse of 11 health plans in the US Mental Health Research Network. Participants Study cohorts included adolescents (around 1.1 million), young adults (around 1.4 million), and adults (around 5 million). Main outcome measures Rates of antidepressant dispensings, psychotropic drug poisonings (a validated proxy for suicide attempts), and completed suicides. Results Trends in antidepressant use and poisonings changed abruptly after the warnings. In the second year after the warnings, relative changes in antidepressant use were −31.0% (95% confidence interval −33.0% to −29.0%) among adolescents, −24.3% (−25.4% to −23.2%) among young adults, and −14.5% (−16.0% to −12.9%) among adults. These reflected absolute reductions of 696, 1216, and 1621 dispensings per 100 000 people among adolescents, young adults, and adults, respectively. Simultaneously, there were significant, relative increases in psychotropic drug poisonings in adolescents (21.7%, 95% confidence interval 4.9% to 38.5%) and young adults (33.7%, 26.9% to 40.4%) but not among adults (5.2%, −6.5% to 16.9%). These reflected absolute increases of 2 and 4 poisonings per 100 000 people among adolescents and young adults, respectively (approximately 77 additional poisonings in our cohort of 2.5 million young people). Completed suicides did not change for any age group. Conclusions Safety warnings about antidepressants and widespread media coverage decreased antidepressant use, and there were simultaneous increases in suicide attempts among young people. It is essential to monitor and reduce possible unintended consequences of FDA warnings and media reporting.
            Article 0 comments Cited 63 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Adjunctive intranasal esketamine for major depressive disorder: A systematic review of randomized double-blind controlled-placebo studies

              Wei. Zheng, Dong-Bin Cai, Ying-Qiang Xiang … (2020)
              Article 0 comments Cited 29 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: American Journal of Public Health
                Abbreviated Title: Am J Public Health
                Publisher: American Public Health Association
                ISSN (Print): 0090-0036
                ISSN (Electronic): 1541-0048
                Publication date (Electronic): October 07 2021
                Pages: e1-e4
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Joseph J. Palamar is with the Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Caroline Rutherford and Katherine M. Keyes are with the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
                Article
                DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306486
                PubMed ID: 34618543
                SO-VID: 0f085c00-7b64-4469-aefa-7e398beb05c6
                Copyright © © 2021
                History

                Data availability:

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content452

                See all similar

                Cited by9

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors119

                See all reference authors