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      Efecto del número de interrupciones en el patrón de conducta sedentaria sobre el gasto energético Translated title: Effect of the number of interruptions in the pattern of sedentary behavior on energy expenditure

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          Abstract

          Resumen: El papel de la conducta sedentaria sobre el deterioro del estado de salud ha sido ampliamente documentado como factor promotor de patologías. La evidencia científica demuestra que el porcentaje de personas que mantienen una actividad sedentaria aumenta en las grandes ciudades, y con ello el sobrepeso, la obesidad, la diabetes, la hipertensión, etc. Recientemente se ha evaluado el efecto de interrumpir los periodos de conducta sedentaria con actividad física, demostrando que con ello se aumenta el gasto energético. El objetivo del presente experimento fue comparar el efecto de 2 programas de interrupción del patrón de conducta sedentaria sobre el gasto calórico. Ocho alumnos universitarios se expusieron a 2 programas de interrupción de la conducta sedentaria. Para obtener el gasto energético se utilizaron monitores cardiacos de la marca Beurer modelo pm18. El primer programa consistió en periodos de 15 min de conducta sedentaria seguidos de una interrupción de 2.5 min de caminata como actividad física. El segundo presentó periodos de 30 min de conducta sedentaria seguidos de una interrupción de 5 min de actividad física. El análisis utilizando t de Student para muestras pareadas mostró que existe una diferencia significativa en el gasto calórico durante la conducta sedentaria entre el programa 1 y el 2. Se concluye que aumentar el número de interrupciones en los periodos de conducta sedentaria tiene un efecto directo sobre el gasto calórico.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Sedentary behavior's role on health damage has been documented as a promoting factor of pathologies. Scientific evidence shows an increasing percentage of people with sedentary activity especially in large cities causing overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension etc. Effects of interrupting sedentary behavior periods with physical activity have been recently evaluated, demonstrating increases on energy expenditure. The objective of this experiment was to compare the effect of two interruption programs of sedentary behavior pattern on caloric expenditure. Participants were exposed to two interruption programs of sedentary behavior. For energy expenditure, heart monitors brand Beurer PM18 model used. First program consisted on 15-minutes periods of sedentary behavior followed by a 2.5 minutes walking break as physical activity. Second program consisted on periods of 30 minutes of sedentary behavior followed by a 5 minutes break of physical activity. Analysis used Student t test for paired samples showed a significant difference in caloric expenditure during sedentary behavior between program 1 and 2. Concluding that increasing the number of interruptions of periods of sedentary behavior has a direct effect on caloric expenditure.

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          Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

          In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19,244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m(2) or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3-30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Breaks in sedentary time: beneficial associations with metabolic risk.

            Total sedentary (absence of whole-body movement) time is associated with obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism, and the metabolic syndrome. In addition to the effects of total sedentary time, the manner in which it is accumulated may also be important. We examined the association of breaks in objectively measured sedentary time with biological markers of metabolic risk. Participants (n = 168, mean age 53.4 years) for this cross-sectional study were recruited from the 2004-2005 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study. Sedentary time was measured by an accelerometer (counts/minute(-1) or = 100) was considered a break. Fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, weight, height, waist circumference, and resting blood pressure were measured. MatLab was used to derive the breaks variable; SPSS was used for the statistical analysis. Independent of total sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity time, increased breaks in sedentary time were beneficially associated with waist circumference (standardized beta = -0.16, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.02, P = 0.026), BMI (beta = -0.19, -0.35 to -0.02, P = 0.026), triglycerides (beta = -0.18, -0.34 to -0.02, P = 0.029), and 2-h plasma glucose (beta = -0.18, -0.34 to -0.02, P = 0.025). This study provides evidence of the importance of avoiding prolonged uninterrupted periods of sedentary (primarily sitting) time. These findings suggest new public health recommendations regarding breaking up sedentary time that are complementary to those for physical activity.
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              Exercise and Children's Intelligence, Cognition, and Academic Achievement.

              Studies that examine the effects of exercise on children's intelligence, cognition, or academic achievement were reviewed and results were discussed in light of (a) contemporary cognitive theory development directed toward exercise, (b) recent research demonstrating the salutary effects of exercise on adults' cognitive functioning, and (c) studies conducted with animals that have linked physical activity to changes in neurological development and behavior. Similar to adults, exercise facilitates children's executive function (i.e., processes required to select, organize, and properly initiate goal-directed actions). Exercise may prove to be a simple, yet important, method of enhancing those aspects of children's mental functioning central to cognitive development.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rmta
                Revista mexicana de trastornos alimentarios
                Rev. Mex. de trastor. aliment
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Investigación Interdisciplinaria en Ciencias de la Salud y la Educación (Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico )
                2007-1523
                June 2016
                : 7
                : 1
                : 46-55
                Affiliations
                [1] Guadalajara Jalisco orgnameUniversidad de Guadalajara orgdiv1CUSur orgdiv2Centro de Investigación en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición (CICAN) Mexico
                Article
                S2007-15232016000100046
                10.1016/j.rmta.2016.02.005
                0ed31887-a5b3-48cc-a09c-ff9f3d0c5d69

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 September 2015
                : 20 February 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 77, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Mexico


                Conducta sedentaria,Gasto energético,Patrones de conducta,Actividad,Sedentary behavior,Energy expenditure,Behavior patterns,Activity

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