5
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      The Brandenburg reformed medical curriculum: study locally, work locally Translated title: Der Brandenburger Modellstudiengang Medizin – Aus dem Land für das Land

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The Brandenburg Medical School “Theodor Fontane” (MHB) was founded in 2014 by municipal and non-profit institutions in Bernau, Brandenburg an der Havel and Neuruppin to train more physicians for the non-metropolitan region of Brandenburg. Since the 2015 summer term, 48 medical students have been enrolled each year, accepted through the university’s own selection process in which the score on the German school-leaving exam (Abitur) and time spent on the waiting list play subordinate roles. Tuition fees can be partially financed through scholarship agreements with regional hospitals if the applicants commit themselves to medical specialist training (Facharztweiterbildung) at a particular hospital. The main places of study are Neuruppin and Brandenburg an der Havel; there is a decentralized study phase from the eighth to tenth semester of study. The Brandenburg Reformed Medical Curriculum (BMM) complies with the model clause contained in the German regulations governing the licensing of medical doctors (ÄAppO). The curriculum is based on problem-based learning (PBL) and focused on competencies and consists of integrated interdisciplinary modules that combine, from the very beginning, basic sciences with clinical and theoretical medical subjects. The focus on general practice is visible in the regularly held “Practical Days” (Praxistag) during which second-year students and above have the opportunity to observe at participating medical practices and familiarize themselves with primary care in Brandenburg. A special focus of BMM is on the acquisition and development of communication and interpersonal skills. These are imparted through a longitudinal curriculum referred to as “Teamwork, Reflection, Interaction, Communication” (TRIK). High value is placed on critical thinking and scientific scholarship and this is reflected in an eight-week academic placement in which the students independently write a research paper. Several different teaching formats ensure that, along with learning specific subjects, sustained personal development can also take place. BMM’s decentralized study phase starting in the eighth semester represents a special part of the curriculum in which students complete their clinical training in small groups at selected cooperating hospitals in Brandenburg. This phase encompasses not only hospital placements and other local patient-centered courses, but also centralized instruction via video conferencing to assure that basic sciences and clinical theory continue to be covered. Knowledge- and performance-based semester assessments, in particular OSCEs, reinforce the practical aspects of the training. These replace the M1 state medical examination in the first study phase. The first medical students are now in their ninth semester as of April 2019, making it still too early for final evaluations. The curriculum, successfully implemented to date, already satisfies core requirements of the Master Plan 2020 for undergraduate medical education (Masterplan Medizinstudium 2020) with the curriculum's organization and structure, curricular content, assessment formats and student admission process. With its decentralized structure, BMM specifically addresses the social and health policy challenges facing rural regions of Brandenburg. This is the first curriculum that has taken on the improvement of healthcare in rural regions as its central aim.

          Zusammenfassung

          Die Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane (MHB) wurde 2014 von kommunalen und gemeinnützigen Trägern in Bernau, Brandenburg an der Havel und Neuruppin gegründet, um mehr Ärztinnen und Ärzte für die Non-Metropolen-Region Brandenburg auszubilden. Seit dem Sommersemester 2015 werden jährlich 48 Medizinstudierende aufgenommen, die über ein eigenes Auswahlverfahren ausgewählt werden, in dem Abiturnote und Wartezeit eine nachrangige Rolle spielen. Studiengebühren können durch Stipendienverträge mit regionalen Kliniken teilfinanziert werden, wenn sich die Bewerber/innen zur Weiterbildung in der Klinik verpflichten. Das Studium findet überwiegend an den Standorten Neuruppin und Brandenburg an der Havel statt, im 8. bis 10. Semester folgt ein dezentraler Studienabschnitt. Der Brandenburger Modellstudiengang Medizin (BMM) folgt der Modellklausel der ÄAppO. Das Curriculum ist POL-basiert und Kompetenz-orientiert und besteht aus integrierten interdisziplinären Modulen, die von Anfang an Grundlagen-, klinisch-theoretische und klinische Fächer zusammenbringen. Der Fokus auf Allgemeinmedizin schlägt sich unter anderem im regelmäßigen „Praxistag“ nieder, an dem die Studierenden ab dem 2. Semester bei niedergelassenen Lehrärztinnen und -ärzten hospitieren und über eine Integration in den Praxis-Alltag die ambulante Versorgung im Land Brandenburg kennen lernen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt des BMM liegt auf Erwerb und Förderung kommunikativer und sozialer Kompetenzen. Diese werden durch ein Längsschnittcurriculum „Teamarbeit, Reflexion, Interaktion, Kommunikation“ (TRIK) vermittelt. Dem wissenschaftlichen Denken und Arbeiten wird ein hoher Stellenwert beigemessen, der sich unter anderem in einem achtwöchigen Wissenschaftspraktikum niederschlägt, in dem die Studierenden eine eigenständige Forschungsarbeit erstellen. Mehrere Lehrformate stellen sicher, dass neben dem „Fach“-Unterricht eine nachhaltige Persönlichkeitsentwicklung stattfinden kann. Eine Besonderheit des BMM stellt das dezentrale Studium ab dem 8. Semester dar, in dem die Studierenden in Kleingruppen an ausgewählten kooperierenden Kliniken in Brandenburg ihre klinische Ausbildung absolvieren. Dieser Abschnitt umfasst neben Stationspraktika und weiteren lokalen Patienten-nahen Lehrangeboten auch zentralen Unterricht, der über ein Videokonferenznetzwerk realisiert wird und die weitere Beteiligung der Grundlagen- und klinisch-theoretischen Fächer sicherstellt. Wissens- und Performanz-basierte Semesterabschlussprüfungen unterstützen, insbesondere durch OSCEs, die Praxis-Orientierung der Ausbildung. Sie ersetzen im ersten Studienabschnitt die M1-Staatsprüfung. Die ersten Medizinstudierenden sind ab April 2019 im 9. Fachsemester, so dass es für abschließende Beurteilungen noch zu früh ist. Das bisher erfolgreich etablierte Curriculum erfüllt bereits heute in Bezug auf Aufbau des Studiengangs, Ausbildungsinhalte, Prüfungsformate und Studierendenauswahl zentrale Forderungen des „Masterplans Medizinstudium 2020“. Mit seiner dezentralen Struktur adressiert der BMM spezifisch die gesellschaftlichen und gesundheitspolitischen Herausforderungen der Non-Metropolen-Region Brandenburg. Er ist der erste Studiengang, der es sich zentral zur Aufgabe macht, die ärztliche Versorgung in ländlichen Regionen zu verbessern.

          Related collections

          Most cited references13

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Why do medical graduates choose rural careers?

          This study is based on the metaphor of the 'rural pipeline' into medical practice. The four stages of the rural pipeline are: (1) contact between rural secondary schools and the medical profession; (2) selection of rural students into medical programs; (3) rural exposure during medical training; and (4) measures to address retention of the rural medical workforce. Using the rural pipeline template we conducted a literature review, analysed the selection methods of Australian graduate entry medical schools and interviewed 17 interns about their medical career aspirations. The literature was reviewed to assess the effectiveness of selection practices to predict successful gradation and the impact of rural pipeline components on eventual rural practice. Undergraduate academic performance is the strongest predictor of medical course academic performance. The predictive power of interviews is modest. There are limited data on the predictive power of other measures of non-cognitive performance or the content of the undergraduate degree. Prior rural residence is the strongest predictor of choice of a rural career but extended rural exposure during medical training also has a significant impact. The most significant influencing factors are: professional support at national, state and local levels; career pathway opportunities; contentedness of the practitioner's spouse in rural communities; preparedness to adopt a rural lifestyle; educational opportunities for children; and proximity to extended family and social circle. Analysis of selection methods: Staff involved in student selection into 9 Australian graduate entry medical schools were interviewed. Four themes were identified: (1) rurality as a factor in student selection; (2) rurality as a factor in student selection interviews; (3) rural representation on student selection interview panels; (4) rural experience during the medical course. Interns' career intentions: Three themes were identified: (1) the efficacy of the rural pipeline; (2) community connectedness through the rural pipeline; (3) impediments to the effect of the rural pipeline, the most significant being a partner who was not committed to rural life Based on the literature review and interviews, 11 strategies are suggested to increase the number of graduates choosing a career in rural medicine, and one strategy for maintaining practitioners in rural health settings after graduation.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Teaching clinical communication: a mainstream activity or just a minority sport?

            This plenary presentation from the EACH International Conference on Communication in Healthcare in Oslo 2008, takes an honest look at the present state of communication teaching and considers how to take the next steps to move communication into the very centre of medical education. Although clinical communication teaching has become increasingly accepted as a formal component of the medical curriculum, there is still a problem to be faced. Communication still often appears in medical education to be a peripheral element rather than a mainstream activity truly perceived by schools and learners as central to all clinical interactions. This presentation explores why clinical communication often appears to be a minority sport in medical education, considers how to overcome this via integration throughout the curriculum, looks at five specific examples of integration in action, presents a new UK consensus statement which helps integrate communication into the mainstream, and finally explores the progression to maturity in communication curricula.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Progress testing in German speaking countries.

              Progress testing was introduced in 1999 at the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin. This Berlin progress test medizin (PTM) started to cooperate with other Medical Schools in 2000. The cooperation grew continuously and now 13 Medical schools in Germany and Austria take part, including more than 8500 Students. This article focuses on the concept and quality of the PTM and the benefits for students and medical schools. It shows how an initial small student initiative has developed into a successful international cooperation of formative testing in medical education.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS Journal for Medical Education
                German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
                2366-5017
                15 October 2019
                2019
                : 36
                : 5 , 20 years of reformed medical education programmes in german-speaking countries/20 Jahre Modellstudiengänge im deutschsprachigen Raum
                : Doc49
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Institut für Anatomie, Neuruppin, Germany
                [2 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Prodekanat für Studium und Lehre, Referat für Curriculumsentwicklung und -koordination, Neuruppin, Germany
                [3 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Prodekanat für Studium und Lehre, Referat für Studienangelegenheiten, Neuruppin, Germany
                [4 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Prodekanat für Studium und Lehre, Bereich TRIK, Neuruppin, Germany
                [5 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Prodekanat für Studium und Lehre, Bereich Educational Technology, Neuruppin, Germany
                [6 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Prodekanat für Studium und Lehre, Bereich Simulationspatienten, Neuruppin, Germany
                [7 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Lehrpraxis, Praxis für Allgemeinmedizin, Walsleben, Germany
                [8 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Medizinstudent im 9. Semester, Neuruppin, Germany
                [9 ]Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Institut für Biochemie, Neuruppin, Germany
                Author notes
                *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Andreas Winkelmann, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Institut für Anatomie, Fehrbelliner Str. 38, D-16816 Neuruppin, Germany, Phone: +49 (0)3391/3914510, E-mail: andreas.winkelmann@ 123456mhb-fontane.de
                Article
                zma001257 Doc49 urn:nbn:de:0183-zma0012578
                10.3205/zma001257
                6883254
                31815159
                0ecf0953-18e5-4fb4-b35b-4944bf6e07f2
                Copyright © 2019 Winkelmann et al.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. See license information at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 16 October 2018
                : 28 May 2019
                : 26 March 2019
                Categories
                Article

                curriculum/competency-based education,curriculum/interdisciplinary studies,curriculum/problem-based learning,reformed curriculum,rural medicine,communication skills,primary health care

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content109

                Cited by9

                Most referenced authors130