Associations of objective physical activity with insulin sensitivity and circulating adipokine profile: the Framingham Heart Study : Physical activity and adipokines

Abstract

<div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S1"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d11843807e220">Purpose</h5> <p id="P1">To explore the relation of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) to insulin sensitivity and adipokines. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S2"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d11843807e225">Methods</h5> <p id="P2">We assessed PA and SED using Actical accelerometers and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 2109 participants (free of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus) from Framingham Generation 3 and Omni 2 cohorts (mean age 46y, 54% women). Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]), and circulating adipokines were measured six years earlier. Steps/day, moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and SED/wear time (%SED) were predictor variables in multivariable regression analyses, with HOMA-IR, CRP, and circulating adipokines as outcome measures. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S3"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d11843807e230">Results</h5> <p id="P3">Higher MVPA and more steps/day were associated with lower HOMA-IR, adjusting for %SED (β= −0.036, p=0.002; β= −0.041, p=0.005). Steps were inversely associated with CRP, but were directly associated with insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels (β= −0.111, p=0.002; β=3.293, p=0.007). %SED was positively associated with HOMA-IR (β=0.033, p&lt;0.0001), but nonsignificant after adjusting for MVPA (p=0.13). %SED was associated with higher ratio of leptin/ leptin receptor (sOB-R) and higher adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP)4 (β=0.096, p&lt;0.0001; β=0.593, p=0.002). </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S4"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d11843807e235">Conclusions</h5> <p id="P4">Our findings suggest differential influences of PA versus SED on metabolic pathways, with PA modulating insulin resistance and inflammation, whereas SED influences fatty acid binding proteins. </p> </div>