Ultrasonographic analysis of senile cataractous lens of dogs and its correlation to phacoemulsification

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-assisted ultrasound analysis of senile dogs cataractous lens and identify its correlation to phacoemulsification surgical parameters. Simultaneous A- and B- mode ultrasonic evaluation of the lens was performed on 15 dogs with cataract. A computer-assisted image analysis was used to objectively calculate the lens echogenicity. Following ultrasonographic examination the cataracts were removed by phacoemulsification and the ultrasonographic and phacoemulsification findings were compared to identify possible correlations. Lens echogenicity obtained by the computer-assisted ultrasonographic analysis correlated to the phacoemulsification time, such that the whiter the ultrasound image, the longer was the phacoemulsification time. The B-mode ultrasonography was helpful for the prediction of lens opacity location, but not predictive of lens hardness.

Translated abstract

Avaliou-se a eficácia da análise ultrassonográfica, assistida por computador, da lente cataratogênica senil de cães e identificou-se sua correlação com parâmetros da facoemulsificação. A avaliação ultrassonográfica da lente em modos A e B simultâneos foi realizada em 15 cães portadores de catarata. Procedeu-se à análise das imagens, assistida por computador. Posteriormente, os olhos selecionados foram submetidos à facoemulsificação. Os achados ultrassonográficos e a facoemulsificação foram comparados visando à identificação de possíveis correlações. A ecogenicidade obtida por meio da análise ultrassonográfica correlacionou-se diretamente com o tempo de facoemulsificação, de maneira que quanto mais branca a imagem ultrassonográfica, maior o tempo de facoemulsificação. A ultrassonografia em modo-B auxiliou na predição da localização das opacidades lenticulares, porém não auxiliou na predição da dureza da lente.

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Lens morphometry determined by B-mode ultrasonography of the normal and cataractous canine lens.

David Williams (2015)

To determine axial lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and axial globe length in canine eyes with normal lenses and in eyes with immature, mature, congenital, posterior polar and diabetic cataract. B-mode ultrasonography was performed in 50 normal dogs and, as a prephacoemulsification screening procedure, in 100 dogs with cataract. Axial B-mode ultrasonograms were used to determine lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and globe diameter. Statistical comparisons between groups were made by analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Axial globe lengths were not statistically significantly different between groups apart from the smaller globes in younger dogs with congenital cataract. Axial lens thickness in diabetics (8.4 +/- 0.9 mm) was statistically significantly different from the lens thickness in normal eyes (6.7 +/- 1.0 mm), eyes with immature cataract (6.4 +/- 0.8 mm) and eyes with mature cataract (7.4 +/- 0.9 mm) although these groups, while varying in thickness, were not statistically significantly different from each other. Anterior chamber depth was statistically significantly reduced in eyes with diabetic cataract (2.9 +/- 0.1 mm) from that in normal eyes (3.8 +/- 0.1 mm), eyes with immature cataract (3.5 +/- 0.1 mm) and eyes with mature cataract (3.2 +/- 0.6 mm) although these groups, while varying in chamber depth, were not statistically significantly different from each other. Lenses with diabetic cataracts were significantly increased in axial thickness compared to lenses in other eyes, although lenses with mature cataracts showed a trend towards increased axial thickness and immature cataracts demonstrated a trend towards reduced thickness. While previous studies on cataract pathobiology have suggested a reduction in lens thickness in immature cataract through lens protein loss and an increase in thickness in mature cataracts through intumescence, this study is the first to document these changes in the canine lens.