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      Entrar no es suficiente: discursos de académicos y estudiantes sobre inclusión de mujeres en ingeniería en Chile Translated title: Admission is Insufficient: Faculty and Student Discourse on Women's Inclusion in Engineering in Chile

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          Abstract

          Resumen Numerosas investigaciones han reportado que las mujeres experimentan dificultades para elegir carreras de ingeniería, obstáculos que continúan durante sus estudios. El presente artículo explora discursos de estudiantes y académicos de una carrera de pregrado de ingeniería en Chile sobre la inclusión de mujeres en ella. Se utilizaron entrevistas grupales e individuales para analizar las formas en que estos actores construyen la experiencia de las estudiantes y la influencia del género. Los resultados indican que mientras las mujeres levantan discursos de género, sus docentes sostienen discursos de neutralidad, invisibilizando o minimizando desafíos para las mujeres. Se discuten consecuencias que pueden tener ambas posiciones para la inclusión de las mujeres en las carreras de ingeniería.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Numerous studies have reported that women experience difficulties in selecting majors in engineering, and that they continue to encounter obstacles throughout their studies. This article explores student and faculty discourse regarding an undergraduate engineering major in Chile, in terms of women's inclusion in the major. Group and individual interviews were used to analyze the ways that these actors construct the female students' experience and the influence of gender. The results indicate that while the women promulgate gender discourses, their teachers sustain discourses of neutrality, while ignoring or minimizing challenges for women. The article discusses the possible consequences of both positions on the inclusion of women in engineering majors.

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          The Logic of Practice

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            Why do women opt out? Sense of belonging and women's representation in mathematics.

            Sense of belonging to math-one's feelings of membership and acceptance in the math domain-was established as a new and an important factor in the representation gap between males and females in math. First, a new scale of sense of belonging to math was created and validated, and was found to predict unique variance in college students' intent to pursue math in the future (Studies 1-2). Second, in a longitudinal study of calculus students (Study 3), students' perceptions of 2 factors in their math environment-the message that math ability is a fixed trait and the stereotype that women have less of this ability than men-worked together to erode women's, but not men's, sense of belonging in math. Their lowered sense of belonging, in turn, mediated women's desire to pursue math in the future and their math grades. Interestingly, the message that math ability could be acquired protected women from negative stereotypes, allowing them to maintain a high sense of belonging in math and the intention to pursue math in the future. (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved.
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              Seeking congruity between goals and roles: a new look at why women opt out of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers.

              Although women have nearly attained equality with men in several formerly male-dominated fields, they remain underrepresented in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). We argue that one important reason for this discrepancy is that STEM careers are perceived as less likely than careers in other fields to fulfill communal goals (e.g., working with or helping other people). Such perceptions might disproportionately affect women's career decisions, because women tend to endorse communal goals more than men. As predicted, we found that STEM careers, relative to other careers, were perceived to impede communal goals. Moreover, communal-goal endorsement negatively predicted interest in STEM careers, even when controlling for past experience and self-efficacy in science and mathematics. Understanding how communal goals influence people's interest in STEM fields thus provides a new perspective on the issue of women's representation in STEM careers.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmie
                Revista mexicana de investigación educativa
                RMIE
                Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa A.C. (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                1405-6666
                September 2021
                : 26
                : 90
                : 841-865
                Affiliations
                [1] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas orgdiv2Dirección de Diversidad y Género Chile darinka.radovic@ 123456uchile.cl
                Article
                S1405-66662021000300841 S1405-6666(21)02609000841
                0bd2e593-8a97-4b86-b9cb-dea28fe4ce2b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 October 2020
                : 22 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 52, Pages: 25
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Investigación

                academic culture,ingeniería,género,inclusión educativa,análisis de discurso,cultura académica,engineering,gender,educational inclusion,discourse analysis

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