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      Great debate: in patients with decompensated heart failure, acetazolamide in addition to loop diuretics is the first choice

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          Key points in favour or against the addition of acetazolamide to loop diuretics as the first choice in patients with decompensated heart failure. Abbreviations: AHF, acute heart failure; HCTZ, hydrochlorothiazide; HHF, hospitalization for heart failure; SGLT2i, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor; WRF, worsening renal function.

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          Most cited references58

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          2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

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            Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction

            In patients with type 2 diabetes, inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) reduce the risk of a first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms. More data are needed regarding the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with established heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction, regardless of the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes.
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              Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure

              Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. More evidence is needed regarding the effects of these drugs in patients across the broad spectrum of heart failure, including those with a markedly reduced ejection fraction.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Eur Heart J
                Eur Heart J
                eurheartj
                European Heart Journal
                Oxford University Press (US )
                0195-668X
                1522-9645
                21 June 2023
                19 May 2023
                19 May 2023
                : 44
                : 24 , Focus Issue on Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies
                : 2159-2169
                Affiliations
                Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium and Hasselt University , Diepenbeek/Hasselt, Belgium
                Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena , Jena, Germany
                Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena , Jena, Germany
                Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena , Jena, Germany
                Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany
                Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany
                Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium and Hasselt University , Diepenbeek/Hasselt, Belgium
                Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena , Jena, Germany
                Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena , Jena, Germany
                Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena , Jena, Germany
                Author notes
                Corresponding author. Tel: +49 511 532 3841, Fax: +49 511 532 5412, E-mail: bauersachs.johann@ 123456mh-hannover.de

                Wilfried Mullens and Paul Christian Schulze contributed equally.

                Conflict of interest W.M. received honoraria for lectures from Medtronic, Abbott, Novartis, Vifor Pharma, Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Pfizer, not related to this article. P.C.S. received honoraria for lectures/consulting from Novartis, Vifor, Bayer, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Cardior, BMS, Abiomed, Pharmacosmos, and Amgen, not related to this article, and research support for the department from Boehringer Ingelheim, Edwards, and Abiomed, not related to this article. J.W. and Jü.B. have no conflicts of interest related to this article. Jo.B. received honoraria for lectures/consulting from Novartis, Vifor, Bayer, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Cardior, CVRx, BMS, Amgen, Corvia, Norgine, Edwards, and Roche, not related to this article, and research support for the department from Zoll, CVRx, Abiomed, Norgine, and Roche, not related to this article.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9442-7141
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9341-117X
                Article
                ehad266
                10.1093/eurheartj/ehad266
                10290873
                37207453
                0934d1a9-7cdb-4e84-8437-1ae3280df19c
                © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

                History
                Page count
                Pages: 11
                Funding
                Funded by: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, doi 10.13039/501100001659;
                Award ID: KFO 311
                Categories
                Great Debate
                AcademicSubjects/MED00200

                Cardiovascular Medicine
                acute heart failure,diuretic therapy,acetazolamide,sglt2 inhibitors
                Cardiovascular Medicine
                acute heart failure, diuretic therapy, acetazolamide, sglt2 inhibitors

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