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      Speicheldrüsenkarzinome – Monozentrische Erfahrung zu Subtypen und deren Inzidenz über 42 Jahre Translated title: Salivary gland carcinomas – Monocentric experience on subtypes and their incidences over 42 years

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          Zusammenfassung

          Hintergrund Speicheldrüsenkarzinome sind selten und heterogen. Über 20 Subtypen sind anerkannt und Risikofaktoren sind vielfältig. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Bewertung des Subtyps und weiterer Risikofaktoren bei einem monozentrischen Kollektiv aus über vier Jahrzehnten.

          Material und Methoden 205 Fälle (Diagnosezeitraum 1972–2014) wurden retrospektiv erhoben und hinsichtlich der Verteilung von Risikofaktoren und deren Einfluss auf die Gesamtüberlebenszeit (overall survival, OS) statistisch ausgewertet.

          Ergebnisse 19/24 (79,2%) der in der WHO-Klassifikation gelisteten Subtypen kamen in der Kohorte selten vor (< 5%). Davon wurden 10/24 (41,7%) Subtypen nie diagnostiziert. Das Plattenepithelkarzinom (PEC), Adenokarzinom (AdenoCa), Azinuszellkarzinom (AzinusCa), Mukoepidermoidkarzinom (MEC) und adenoidzystische Karzinom (ACC) sind mit zusammen 145/205 (70,7%) die mit Abstand häufigsten Subtypen. Risikofaktoren sind in diesen Gruppen signifikant unterschiedlich vertreten (z.B. lymphogene Metastasierung und Differenzierungsgrad beim AdenoCa und Alter, T- und UICC-Stadium beim PEC). Das 5-Jahres-Gesamtüberleben aller Patienten war 66,9% und unterscheidet sich signifikant innerhalb der häufigsten Subtypen. Ein unabhängiger Einfluss auf das Gesamtüberleben war in der multivariaten Analyse feststellbar für das Alter der Patienten (p<0,001) sowie das T- (p=0,003) und N-Stadium (p=0,046).

          Schlussfolgerungen Die meisten Subtypen traten auch innerhalb von Jahrzehnten ausgesprochen selten oder gar nicht auf. Die häufigsten Diagnosen unterscheiden sich bezüglich der Risikofaktoren als auch hinsichtlich des OS, sodass 3 Risikogruppen gebildet werden können. Schlussfolgernd ist die Betrachtung von TNM alleine für die Prognoseabschätzung beim Speicheldrüsenkarzinom unzureichend.

          Abstract

          Objective Salivary gland carcinomas are rare and heterogeneous. More than 20 subtypes are recognized and risk factors are diverse. The aim of this work was to evaluate the subtype and other risk factors in a monocentric population from more than four decades.

          Material and Methods 205 cases (diagnosis period 1972–2014) were retrospectively collected and analyzed with regard to the distribution of risk factors and their influence on overall survival (OS).

          Results 19/24 (79.2%) of the subtypes listed in the WHO classification occurred rarely in the cohort (< 5%). 10/24 (41.7%) of all subtypes were never diagnosed. With a total of 145/205 cases (70.7%), squamous cell carcinoma (PEC), adenocarcinoma (AdenoCa), acinar cell carcinoma (AcinarCa), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) were by far the most common subtypes. Risk factors are significantly different in these groups (e.g., lymphogenic metastasis and degree of differentiation in AdenoCa and age, T and UICC stage in PEC). The 5-year overall survival of all patients was 66.9% and differed significantly within the most common subtypes. An independent impact on overall survival was detectable for patient age (p<0.001), and T- (p=0.003) and N-stage (p=0.046) in multivariate analysis.

          Conclusions Most subtypes occurred markedly rarely or not at all within decades. The most common diagnoses differ with respect to risk factors as well as OS and 3 risk groups can be defined based on histology. In conclusion, considering TNM alone is insufficient for prognosis estimation in salivary gland carcinoma.

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          Salivary neoplasms: Overview of a 35-year experience with 2,807 patients

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            Salivary gland carcinoma: independent prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival: results of the Dutch head and neck oncology cooperative group.

            We analyzed the records of patients with malignant salivary gland tumors, as diagnosed in centers of the Dutch Head and Neck Oncology Cooperative Group, in search of independent prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival. In 565 patients, we analyzed general results and looked for the potential prognostic variables of age, sex, delay, clinical and pathologic T and N stage, site (332 parotid, 76 submandibular, 129 oral cavity, 28 pharynx/larynx), pain, facial weakness, clinical and pathologic skin involvement, histologic type (WHO 1972 classification), treatment, resection margins, spill, perineural and vascular invasion, number of neck nodes, and extranodal disease. The median follow-up period was 74 months; it was 99 months for patients who were alive on the last follow-up. The rates of local control, regional control, distant metastasis-free and overall survival after 10 years were, respectively, 78%, 87%, 67%, and 50%. In multivariable analysis, local control was predicted by clinical T-stage, bone invasion, site, resection margin, and treatment. Regional control depended on N stage, facial nerve paralysis, and treatment. The relative risk with surgery alone, compared to surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy, was 9.7 for local recurrence and 2.3 for regional recurrence. Distant metastases were independently correlated with T and N stage, sex, perineural invasion, histologic type, and clinical skin involvement. Overall survival depended on age, sex, T and pN stage, site, skin and bone invasion. Several prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival were found. Postoperative radiotherapy was found to improve locoregional control. Copyright 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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              Incidence of carcinoma of the major salivary glands according to the WHO classification, 1992 to 2006: a population-based study in the United States.

              Carcinomas of the major salivary glands (M-SGC) comprise a morphologically diverse group of rare tumors of largely unknown cause. To gain insight into etiology, we evaluated incidence of M-SGC using the WHO classification schema (WHO-2005). We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates (IR) and IR ratios (IRR) for M-SGC diagnosed between 1992 and 2006 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program. Overall, 6,391 M-SGC (IR, 11.95/1,000,000 person-years) were diagnosed during 1992 to 2006. Nearly 85% of cases (n = 5,370; IR, 10.00) were encompassed within WHO-2005, and among these, males had higher IRs than females [IRR, 1.51; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.43-1.60]. Squamous cell (IR, 3.44) and mucoepidermoid (IR, 3.23) carcinomas occurred most frequently among males, whereas mucoepidermoid (IR, 2.67), acinic cell (IR, 1.57), and adenoid cystic (IR, 1.40) carcinomas were most common among females. Mucoepidermoid, acinic cell, and adenoid cystic carcinomas predominated in females through age approximately 50 years; thereafter, IRs of acinic cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas were nearly equal among females and males, whereas IRs of mucoepidermoid carcinoma among males exceeded IRs among females (IRR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.38-1.78). Except for mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas, which occurred equally among all races, other subtypes had significantly lower incidence among Blacks and Asians/Pacific Islanders than among Whites. Adenoid cystic carcinoma occurred equally in the submandibular and parotid glands, and other M-SGC histologic subtypes evaluated had 77% to 98% lower IRs in the submandibular gland. Overall M-SGC IRs remained stable during 1992 to 2006. Distinct incidence patterns according to histologic subtype suggest that M-SGC are a diverse group of neoplasms characterized by etiologic and/or biological heterogeneity with varying susceptibility by gender and race.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Laryngorhinootologie
                Laryngorhinootologie
                10.1055/s-00000036
                Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie
                Georg Thieme Verlag KG (Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany )
                0935-8943
                1438-8685
                21 December 2022
                July 2023
                1 December 2022
                : 102
                : 7
                : 512-520
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Ringgold 60633, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, Fachbereich Medizin, Giessen, Deutschland;
                [2 ]Ringgold 14309, Medizinische Fakultät, Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Deutschland;
                [3 ]Ringgold 60633, Medizinische Statistik, Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, Fachbereich Medizin, Giessen, Deutschland;
                [4 ]Ringgold 163483, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Universität Witten/Herdecke Department für Humanmedizin, Witten, Deutschland;
                Author notes
                Korrespondenzadresse Steffen Wagner Ringgold 60633, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Justus Liebig Universität Giessen, Fachbereich Medizin; GiessenDeutschland Steffen.Wagner@ 123456hno.med.uni-giessen.de
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-1601
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-2931
                Article
                LRO-2022-04-1092-OA
                10.1055/a-1976-9694
                10315212
                36543220
                085bf430-aee4-464f-b584-a847c333be41
                The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License, which permits unrestricted reproduction and distribution, for non-commercial purposes only; and use and reproduction, but not distribution, of adapted material for non-commercial purposes only, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 13 April 2022
                : 09 November 2022
                Categories
                Originalarbeit

                speicheldrüsenkarzinome,histologische subtypen,inzidenz,monozentrischer erfahrungsbericht,gesamtüberleben,risikofaktoren,salivary gland carcinomas,histologic subtypes,incidence,monocentric experience report,overall survival,risk factors

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