Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses is a persistent challenges for human health

Abstract

Zoonoses are a class of infectious diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. More than 200 known types of zoonoses have been reported across the world until now. Among 1 400 pathogens of human infectious diseases, approximately 61% are zoonotic origin, and 75% human emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses. These zoonoses pose a great threat to human and animal health and decrease livestock production. To effectively tackle the persistent challenges resulting from zoonoses, WHO collaborates with member governments, academia, non-governmental and charitable organizations, and regional and international partners to prevent and manage zoonotic threats and their public health, social and economic impacts. Although great success has been achieved in the management of zoonoses, there are still multiple challenges for zoonoses control in China due to environmental, climate, socioeconomic factors and antimicrobial resistance. Based on the One Health concept, the integration of modern biological, information, artificial intelligent and big data tools through multidisciplinary and multi-sectorial collaborations may facilitate the containment and elimination of zoonoses.

Abstract

摘要： 人兽共患病是一类可以从动物向人类传播的传染性疾病, 目前已知 200 多种人兽共患病; 1 400 种人类传染 病病原中, 约 61% 具有动物源性, 其中 75% 人类新发传染病为人兽共患病。这些人兽共患病不仅对人类健康造成巨大 威胁, 而且极大影响动物健康、阻碍畜牧业良性发展。为有效应对人兽共患病带来的持续挑战, WHO 与各国政府、学术 团队、非政府及慈善机构、区域性和国际合作伙伴携手合作, 以预防和管控人兽共患病的威胁及其造成的公共卫生、社 会和经济影响。虽然我国人兽共患病防控工作已取得显著进展, 但由于环境、气候、社会经济、抗菌药物耐药性等多种 因素的影响, 消除人兽共患病的危害仍面临诸多挑战。基于全健康理念, 通过多学科、多部门合作, 综合运用现代生 物、信息、人工智能、大数据平台等技术手段, 将有助于人兽共患病防控和消除。