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      “Los intocables”: La educación escolar de las élites, sus privilegios y nuevos escenarios Translated title: ‘The Untouchables’: Elite Schools, Privileges, and New Scenarios

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          Abstract

          Resumen: La educación de las élites en el contexto chileno constituye un terreno escasamente estudiado, aunque ha emergido de forma incipiente en los últimos años. El principal objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una revisión bibliográfica sistemática de los principales hallazgos de investigaciones internacionales y nacionales que abordan la educación escolar de las élites. Para esta revisión, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de Web of Science, Scopus y Scielo, entre los años 2008 a 2018, sumado a otros documentos y libros relevantes. En total, se examinaron 104 textos. Los principales resultados muestran los mecanismos de (re) producción de privilegios y de cierre social en la educación de las élites. No obstante, en el hermetismo de este segmento educativo, han emergido pequeñas aperturas en sus modelos de socialización, gatilladas por la globalización, la intensificación de la competencia de los mercados educativos, la reconfiguración de los discursos sobre el mérito y privilegio, y la demanda por una mayor inclusión e igualdad. El artículo concluye respecto de la necesidad de fortalecer una agenda de investigación en el área en Chile, así como abrir el debate sobre políticas educativas en este sector.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Although there has been considerable interest in the Chilean education context in recent years, limited attention has been given to the specific educational experiences of social elites. As a starting point, this paper provides a systematic literature review of international and local research centered on the elites’ school education. This review was based on relevant research published in the Web of Science, Scopus and Scielo databases between 2008 and 2018, as well as other documents and books identified as relevant to the subject. Overall, 104 texts were included in this review. The primary results suggest that there are critical mechanisms of (re)production of privilege and of social exclusion in the education of elites. Despite this closure, research demonstrates that small, yet significant, fissures have emerged. These have been triggered by globalization, the intensification of competition in educational markets, the reconfiguration of discourses about merit and privilege, and the demand for greater inclusion and equality. The analysis concludes that there is a pressing need to strengthen a research agenda in this domain regarding the Chilean experience to better inform educational policy-making.

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          Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework

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            The Study of Boundaries in the Social Sciences

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              Time to rethink the systematic review catechism? Moving from ‘what works’ to ‘what happens’

              Systematic review methods are developing rapidly, and most researchers would recognise their key methodological aspects, such as a closely focussed question, a comprehensive search, and a focus on synthesising ‘stronger’ rather than ‘weaker’ evidence. However, it may be helpful to question some of these underlying principles, because while they work well for simpler review questions, they may result in overly narrow approaches to more complex questions and interventions. This commentary discusses some core principles of systematic reviews, and how they may require further rethinking, particularly as reviewers turn their attention to increasingly complex issues, where a Bayesian perspective on evidence synthesis, which would aim to assemble evidence - of different types, if necessary - in order to inform decisions’, may be more productive than the ‘traditional’ systematic review model. Among areas identified for future research are the examination of publication bias in qualitative research; research on the efficiency and potential biases of comprehensive searches in different disciplines; and the use of Bayesian methods in evidence synthesis. The incorporation of a systems perspective into systematic reviews is also an area which needs rapid development.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pel
                Pensamiento educativo
                Pensam. educ.
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Educación. (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-1013
                0719-0409
                2021
                : 58
                : 1
                : 1-17
                Affiliations
                [1] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Alberto Hurtado Chile
                [2] orgnameUniversidad de Lovaina Bélgica
                Article
                S0719-04092021000100103 S0719-0409(21)05800100103
                10.7764/pel.58.1.2021.3
                07145dce-543f-4b01-9d1d-98f27f64e023

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 April 2020
                : 23 December 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 95, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Articulos

                elite schools,elites,social closure,educational inequity,literature review,Chile,educación de élite,colegios de élite,élites,inequidad escolar,revisión bibliográfica sistemática,education of elites

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