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      Efecto en campo de la cepa nativa COL6 de Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae sobre frijol común cv. Percal en Ecuador Translated title: Effect in field of the native strain COL6 of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae on common bean cv. Percal in Ecuador

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          Abstract

          La inoculación con cepas seleccionadas de Rhizobium sobre frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) contribuyen al rendimiento agrícola de esta leguminosa, mejoran la fertilidad del suelo y reducen la utilización de fertilizantes nitrogenados en sistemas agrícolas sostenibles. La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto en campo de la cepa nativa Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae COL6 sobre el crecimiento, fijación de N y rendimiento agrícola en frijol común cv. Percal. Se realizó un ensayo en campo donde se evaluaron los parámetros de nodulación, biomasa, fijación de nitrógeno, componentes del rendimiento y rendimiento agrícola. Además, se realizaron análisis del suelo antes y después de la experimentación. Antes de la siembra se formuló un inoculante con la cepa bacteriana. Las semillas de cv. Percal se mezclaron en 250 g del inoculante para 10 kg de semilla y se sembraron manualmente en el suelo. Los resultados concernientes al crecimiento, fijación de N (% N total) y rendimiento agrícola, demostraron el efecto positivo de la inoculación con la cepa nativa, comparable con la fertilización química. El aumento en el rendimiento agrícola con la aplicación del inoculante bacteriano y la fertilización química respecto al control fue de 62 y 64 % respectivamente. Los resultados de los análisis de suelo fueron variables en proporción a las características físico-químicas iniciales. Los resultados promisorios del uso del inoculante bacteriano y la estimulación efectiva en frijol común, abren las puertas para su uso potencial en suelos del Ecuador y con ello, permiten que se puedan alcanzar los rendimientos potenciales deseados.

          Translated abstract

          Inoculation with selected Rhizobium strains of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) contributes to the agricultural yield of this legume, improves soil fertility and reduces the use of nitrogen fertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems. The research aimed to determine the effect in field of the native strain Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae COL6 on growth, N fixation and agricultural yield in common bean cv. Percal. A field trial was carried out to evaluate the parameters of nodulation, biomass, nitrogen fixation, yield components and agricultural yield in common bean. In addition, soil analyzes were performed before and after experimentation. Prior to planting an inoculant was formulated with the strain COL6. The seeds of cv. Percal were mixed in 250 g inoculant per 10 kg of seed and it was sown manually in the soil. The results of growth, N fixation (total N %) and agricultural yield demonstrated the positive effect of inoculation with the bacterial inoculant comparable with chemical fertilizers. The increase in agricultural yield with bacterial inoculant application and chemical fertilization with respect to control was 62 and 64 %, respectively. The results of the soil analysis were variable with respect to the initial physical-chemical characteristics. The promising results of bacterial inoculant use and the effective stimulation in common bean, open the doors for its potential use in Ecuadorian soils and with that the desired potential yield can be reached.

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          Most cited references18

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          Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria allow reduced application rates of chemical fertilizers.

          The search for microorganisms that improve soil fertility and enhance plant nutrition has continued to attract attention due to the increasing cost of fertilizers and some of their negative environmental impacts. The objectives of this greenhouse study with tomato were to determine (1) if reduced rates of inorganic fertilizer coupled with microbial inoculants will produce plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake levels equivalent to those with full rates of the fertilizer and (2) the minimum level to which fertilizer could be reduced when inoculants were used. The microbial inoculants used in the study were a mixture of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IN937a and Bacillus pumilus T4, a formulated PGPR product, and the arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF), Glomus intraradices. Results showed that supplementing 75% of the recommended fertilizer rate with inoculants produced plant growth, yield, and nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) uptake that were statistically equivalent to the full fertilizer rate without inoculants. When inoculants were used with rates of fertilizer below 75% of the recommended rate, the beneficial effects were usually not consistent; however, inoculation with the mixture of PGPR and AMF at 70% fertility consistently produced the same yield as the full fertility rate without inoculants. Without inoculants, use of fertilizer rates lower than the recommended resulted in significantly less plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake or inconsistent impacts. The results suggest that PGPR-based inoculants can be used and should be further evaluated as components of integrated nutrient management strategies.
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            Microorganisms and their roles in fundamental biogeochemical cycles.

            Biogeochemistry is the discipline that strives to understand intricate processes, often microbially mediated ones, that transform and recycle both organic and inorganic substances in soils, sediments, and waters. These processes, manifestations of diverse and highly evolved cellular mechanisms catalyzed by Bacteria and Archaea, maintain the biosphere. Progress in biogeochemistry relies upon the underlying science of environmental microbiology. Over the last 2 years, important discoveries have advanced the ecological, physiological, biochemical, and genomic bases for a variety of microbiological processes including anaerobic methane oxidation, photosynthesis, phosphorous uptake, biodegradation of organic pollutants, and numerous aspects of the nitrogen and sulfur cycles. Here recent literature is assessed and placed within a five-stage paradigm for making scientific progress in environmental microbiology, biogeochemistry, and biotechnology. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Molecular insights into bacteroid development during Rhizobium-legume symbiosis.

              Rhizobial soil bacteria can form a symbiosis with legumes in which the bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia that can be utilized by the host. The plant, in turn, supplies the rhizobia with a carbon source. After infecting the host cell, the bacteria differentiate into a distinct bacteroid form, which is able to fix nitrogen. The bacterial BacA protein is essential for bacteroid differentiation in legumes producing nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides (NCRs), which induce the terminal differentiation of the bacteria into bacteroids. NCRs are antimicrobial peptides similar to mammalian defensins, which are important for the eukaryotic response to invading pathogens. The BacA protein is essential for rhizobia to survive the NCR peptide challenge. Similarities in the lifestyle of intracellular pathogenic bacteria suggest that host factors might also be important for inducing chronic infections associated with Brucella abortus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Moreover, rhizobial lipopolysaccharide is modified with an unusual fatty acid, which plays an important role in protecting the bacteria from environmental stresses. Mutants defective in the biosynthesis of this fatty acid display bacteroid development defects within the nodule. In this review, we will focus on these key components, which affect rhizobial bacteroid development and survival. © 2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cag
                Centro Agrícola
                Ctro. Agr.
                Editorial Feijóo, Universidad Central de Las Villas (Santa Clara, , Cuba )
                2072-2001
                0253-5785
                June 2017
                : 44
                : 2
                : 5-13
                Affiliations
                [02] Santa Clara Villa Clara orgnameInstituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas orgdiv1Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas Cuba
                [01] Loja orgnameCentro de Biotecnología orgdiv1Universidad Nacional de Loja Ecuador
                [03] Tena orgnameUniversidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM ECUADOR
                Article
                S0253-57852017000200001 S0253-5785(17)04400200001
                06f3f724-e4b8-4f76-a74a-38fc9e0f34e6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 November 2016
                : 24 March 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTICULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                inoculación,inoculante,Phaseolus vulgaris,rendimiento,inoculation,inoculant,yield

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