Adi Jafar: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Ramzah Dambul: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Ramli Dollah:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-8848
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Nordin Sakke: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole:
VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Mohammad Tahir Mapa: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole:
VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Eko Prayitno Joko: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole:
VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
Prabhat Mittal: Role: Editor
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS One
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Title:
PLoS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
8
July
2022
Publication date Collection: 2022
Publication date PMC-release: 8
July
2022
Volume: 17
Issue: 7
Electronic Location Identifier: e0270868
Affiliations
[1
]
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Geography Programme, Universiti Malaysia
Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
[2
]
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, International Relations Programme, Universiti
Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
[3
]
Asian Institute of International Affairs and Diplomacy, Universiti Utara Malaysia,
Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia
[4
]
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, History Programme, Universiti Malaysia
Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Satyawati College (Eve.), University of Delhi, INDIA
Author notes
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PONE-D-22-04772
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270868
PMC ID: 9269452
PubMed ID: 35802652
SO-VID: 05bc19cd-6a61-4c27-8b59-e81284c27885
Copyright © © 2022 Jafar et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Infectious Disease Control
Subject:
Vaccines
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Viral Diseases
Subject:
Covid 19
Subject:
People and Places
Subject:
Geographical Locations
Subject:
Asia
Subject:
Malaysia
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Immunology
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Immunology
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Public and Occupational Health
Subject:
Preventive Medicine
Subject:
Vaccination and Immunization
Subject:
Social Sciences
Subject:
Sociology
Subject:
Communications
Subject:
Social Communication
Subject:
Social Media
Subject:
Computer and Information Sciences
Subject:
Network Analysis
Subject:
Social Networks
Subject:
Social Media
Subject:
Social Sciences
Subject:
Sociology
Subject:
Social Networks
Subject:
Social Media
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Infectious Disease Control
Subject:
Vaccines
Subject:
Viral Vaccines
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Microbiology
Subject:
Virology
Subject:
Viral Vaccines
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Epidemiology
Subject:
Medical Risk Factors
Subject:
Research and Analysis Methods
Subject:
Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
Subject:
Statistical Methods
Subject:
Multivariate Analysis
Subject:
Principal Component Analysis
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Mathematics
Subject:
Statistics
Subject:
Statistical Methods
Subject:
Multivariate Analysis
Subject:
Principal Component Analysis