Antibacterial effect of copper-bearing titanium alloy (Ti-Cu) against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis

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Abstract

Formation of bacterial biofilms on dental implant material surfaces (titanium) may lead to the development of peri-implant diseases influencing the long term success of dental implants. In this study, a novel Cu-bearing titanium alloy (Ti-Cu) was designed and fabricated in order to efficiently kill bacteria and discourage formation of biofilms, and then inhibit bacterial infection and prevent implant failure, in comparison with pure Ti. Results from biofilm based gene expression studies, biofilm growth observation, bacterial viability measurements and morphological examination of bacteria, revealed antimicrobial/antibiofilm activities of Ti-Cu alloy against the oral specific bacterial species, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Proliferation and adhesion assays with mesenchymal stem cells, and measurement of the mean daily amount of Cu ion release demonstrated Ti-Cu alloy to be biocompatible. In conclusion, Ti-Cu alloy is a promising dental implant material with antimicrobial/antibiofilm activities and acceptable biocompatibility.

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Most cited references 24

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Biofilm formation in Staphylococcus implant infections. A review of molecular mechanisms and implications for biofilm-resistant materials.

Carla Renata Arciola, Davide Campoccia, Pietro Speziale … (2012)

Implant infections in orthopaedics, as well as in many other medical fields, are chiefly caused by staphylococci. The ability of growing within a biofilm enhances the chances of staphylococci to protect themselves from host defences, antibiotic therapies, and biocides. Advances in scientific knowledge on structural molecules (exopolysaccharide, proteins, teichoic acids, and the most recently described extracellular DNA), on the synthesis and genetics of staphylococcal biofilms, and on the complex network of signal factors that intervene in their control are here presented, also reporting on the emerging strategies to disrupt or inhibit them. The attitude of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages to infiltrate and phagocytise biofilms, as well as the ambiguous behaviour exhibited by these innate immune cells in biofilm-related implant infections, are here discussed. Research on anti-biofilm biomaterials is focused, reviewing materials loaded with antibacterial substances, or coated with anti-adhesive/anti-bacterial immobilized agents, or surfaced with nanostructures. Latter approaches appear promising, since they avoid the spread of antibacterial substances in the neighbouring tissues with the consequent risk of inducing bacterial resistance. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Copper-containing mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds with multifunctional properties of angiogenesis capacity, osteostimulation and antibacterial activity.

Jiang Chang, Lei Chen, P. Han … (2012)

It is of great importance to develop multifunctional bioactive scaffolds, which combine angiogenesis capacity, osteostimulation, and antibacterial properties for regenerating lost bone tissues. In order to achieve this aim, we prepared copper (Cu)-containing mesoporous bioactive glass (Cu-MBG) scaffolds with interconnective large pores (several hundred micrometer) and well-ordered mesopore channels (around 5 nm). Both Cu-MBG scaffolds and their ionic extracts could stimulate hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs). In addition, both Cu-MBG scaffolds and their ionic extracts significantly promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by improving their bone-related gene expression (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN)). Furthermore, Cu-MBG scaffolds could maintain a sustained release of ibuprofen and significantly inhibited the viability of bacteria. This study indicates that the incorporation of Cu(2+) ions into MBG scaffolds significantly enhances hypoxia-like tissue reaction leading to the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Cu(2+) ions play an important role to offer the multifunctional properties of MBG scaffold system. This study has demonstrated that it is possible to develop multifunctional scaffolds by combining enhanced angiogenesis potential, osteostimulation, and antibacterial properties for the treatment of large bone defects. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Antibacterial nano-structured titania coating incorporated with silver nanoparticles.

Wenrui Zhang, H. Q. Ni, Hairong Wang … (2011)

Titanium (Ti) implants are widely used clinically but post-operation infection remains one of the most common and serious complications. A surface boasting long-term antibacterial ability is highly desirable in order to prevent implant associated infection. In this study, titania nanotubes (TiO(2)-NTs) incorporated with silver (Ag) nanoparticles are fabricated on Ti implants to achieve this purpose. The Ag nanoparticles adhere tightly to the wall of the TiO(2)-NTs prepared by immersion in a silver nitrate solution followed by ultraviolet light radiation. The amount of Ag introduced to the NTs can be varied by changing processing parameters such as the AgNO(3) concentration and immersion time. The TiO(2)-NTs loaded with Ag nanoparticles (NT-Ag) can kill all the planktonic bacteria in the suspension during the first several days, and the ability of the NT-Ag to prevent bacterial adhesion is maintained without obvious decline for 30 days, which are normally long enough to prevent post-operation infection in the early and intermediate stages and perhaps even late infection around the implant. Although the NT-Ag structure shows some cytotoxicity, it can be reduced by controlling the Ag release rate. The NT-Ag materials are also expected to possess satisfactory osteoconductivity in addition to the good biological performance expected of TiO(2)-NTs. This controllable NT-Ag structure which provides relatively long-term antibacterial ability and good tissue integration has promising applications in orthopedics, dentistry, and other biomedical devices. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep

Title: Scientific Reports

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group

ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322

Publication date (Electronic): 26 July 2016

Publication date Collection: 2016

Volume: 6

Electronic Location Identifier: 29985

Affiliations

[1 ]Northeastern University , 3-11 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China

[2 ]Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China

[3 ]Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , Newark Street, London E1 2AT UK

[4 ]State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi’an 710032, China

Author notes

[a ] r.p.allaker@ 123456qmul.ac.uk

[b ] lren@ 123456imr.ac.cn

[*]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Article

Publisher Item ID: srep29985

DOI: 10.1038/srep29985

PMC ID: 4960589

PubMed ID: 27457788

SO-VID: 0598b038-5d9a-4c18-ae82-9a0f41f392a0

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Antibacterial effect of copper-bearing titanium alloy (Ti-Cu) against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis

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High Entropy Alloys and Complex Concentrated Alloys

Most cited references 24

Biofilm formation in Staphylococcus implant infections. A review of molecular mechanisms and implications for biofilm-resistant materials.

Copper-containing mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds with multifunctional properties of angiogenesis capacity, osteostimulation and antibacterial activity.

Antibacterial nano-structured titania coating incorporated with silver nanoparticles.

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