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      Considerações sobre custo-benefício nas políticas de saúde: tratamento curativo versus o preventivo da osteoporose Translated title: Cost-benefit considerations for health policies: curative versus preventive treatment of osteoporosis

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          Abstract

          A partir da década de 1990 vários paradigmas da prática médica foram sendo modificados, o que levou ao desenvolvimento de novas abordagens médicas, mais eficientes e eficazes. O conhecimento da osteoporose passa por modificações: antes correlacionava redução de massa óssea à elevação do risco de fratura e direcionava o diagnóstico somente a indivíduos idosos; posteriormente, baseia-se em um modelo que privilegia a observação simultânea das duas matrizes ósseas: protéica ou verdadeira e a inorgânica ou secundária, desde tenra idade. Os dois modelos se distinguem basicamente por uma abordagem curativa, que diagnostica o quadro de osteoporose já instalado e adota práticas posteriores ao mal e, de outro lado, por uma abordagem preventiva, que visa evitar que o mal se instale. Dessa forma, com o objetivo de avaliar a relação custo-benefício e custo-efetiva do tratamento curativo versus o preventivo da osteoporose nas políticas públicas de saúde, foi realizada uma pesquisa comparativa dos pacientes atendidos no HCFMRP-USP entre 2007-2009. A partir dos dados obtidos foi efetuada a análise dos custos incorridos versus os benefícios auferidos. Os resultados da pesquisa consideram a abordagem preventiva da osteoporose viável economicamente, por meio do rastreamento da microarquitetura óssea. Nesse sentido, além das evidências econômicas, o estudo permitiu analisar a importância da aplicação de um novo paradigma da osteoporose nas políticas públicas de saúde, a fim de alcançar a melhoria das condições de vida e bem-estar da população.

          Translated abstract

          From the 1990 decade, several paradigms of daily medical practice have been modified, favoring new, more efficient and effective medical approaches. The knowledge about osteoporosis underwent changes; it previously correlated the reduction of bone mass to an increased risk of fracture and directed the diagnosis only at elderly individuals. A later a model favors, since an early age, the simultaneous observation of the two bone matrices, the protein or real one and the inorganic or secondary one. The two models basically differ in terms of approach: one takes a curative approach, that diagnoses the signs and symptoms already installed of osteoporosis and adopts practices that follow the disease; the other, a preventive approach aiming at avoiding the installation of the disease. Thus, in order to evaluate the costs and benefits of curative against preventive approaches of osteoporosis in public health policies, a comparative study of patients treated in 2007-2009 on HCFMRP - USP was carried out. Data obtained were analyzed as for the costs incurred versus the benefits gained. The results of the study show that the preventive approach to osteoporosis, by means of bone micro-architecture screening, is economically viable. In this respect, in addition to providing economic evidence, the study analyzed the importance of applying a new paradigm regarding osteoporosis on the part of public healthcare policy in order to achieve better living conditions and well-being for the population.

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          Most cited references43

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          Bone quality--the material and structural basis of bone strength and fragility.

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            The new bone biology: pathologic, molecular, and clinical correlates.

            Bone and cartilage and their disorders are addressed under the following headings: functions of bone; normal and abnormal bone remodeling; osteopetrosis and osteoporosis; epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, condensation and differentiation; osteoblasts, markers of bone formation, osteoclasts, components of bone, and pathology of bone; chondroblasts, markers of cartilage formation, secondary cartilage, components of cartilage, and pathology of cartilage; intramembranous and endochondral bone formation; RUNX genes and cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD); osterix; histone deacetylase 4 and Runx2; Ligand to receptor activator of NFkappaB (RANKL), RANK, osteoprotegerin, and osteoimmunology; WNT signaling, LRP5 mutations, and beta-catenin; the role of leptin in bone remodeling; collagens, collagenopathies, and osteogenesis imperfecta; FGFs/FGFRs, FGFR3 skeletal dysplasias, craniosynostosis, and other disorders; short limb chondrodysplasias; molecular control of the growth plate in endochondral bone formation and genetic disorders of IHH and PTHR1; ANKH, craniometaphyseal dysplasia, and chondrocalcinosis; transforming growth factor beta, Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED), and Marfan syndrome, types I and II; an ACVR1 mutation and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva; MSX1 and MSX2: biology, mutations, and associated disorders; G protein, activation of adenylyl cyclase, GNAS1 mutations, McCune-Albright syndrome, fibrous dysplasia, and Albright hereditary osteodystrophy; FLNA and associated disorders; and morphological development of teeth and their genetic mutations.
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              Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil

              (1988)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                sausoc
                Saúde e Sociedade
                Saude soc.
                Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública. (, SP, Brazil )
                0104-1290
                1984-0470
                December 2013
                : 22
                : 4
                : 1132-1144
                Affiliations
                [04] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto Brasil lilianroliveira@ 123456fearp.usp.br
                [02] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto Brasil cspassador@ 123456usp.br
                [03] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto orgdiv2Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia Brasil climaterium@ 123456climaterium.com.br
                [05] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto Brasil jlpassador@ 123456usp.br
                [01] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto Brasil nalle@ 123456usp.br
                Article
                S0104-12902013000400015 S0104-1290(13)02200400015
                10.1590/S0104-12902013000400015
                0554291e-66fc-4902-b7c3-376a4fae28b0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 May 2013
                : 09 August 2012
                : 14 June 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 49, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Public Health


                Políticas públicas de saúde,Prevention,Osteoporosis,Public Healthcare Policies,Prevenção,Osteoporose

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